Editing Natural therapeutics

Nature provides us with many healing agents but these are often pushed to the periphery of public knowledge to ensure big pharma profits. 

'''Disclaimer''': [[User:Jukeboksi]] is not a doctor or a scientist, but just a concerned citizen.

'''Why natural therapeutics''': In the Spring of '''2017''' [[User:Jukeboksi|my]] late dad, Mauri Heikkurinen (RIP) fell ill with [[w:Acute myeloid leukemia|Acute myeloid leukemia]] (AML). I had heard on a cursory level that cannabinoids could help with cancer so I started doing a little research on how CBD oil could help my dad's condition. The natural therapeutics article grew out of that. Dad passed away in September 2017, but I am hopeful that the information in the article can help people find relief from natural therapeutics for their condition.


= Alzheimer's =

== Alzheimer's and cannabis ==
Cannabis has been found to be beneficial for [[w:Alzheimer's disease|Alzheimer's]] sufferers. Especially true this is for THC which inhibits the formulation of toxic [[w:Amyloid beta|beta]] [[w:amyloid|amyloid]] protein plaque on braincells which causes Alzheimer's disease.

''' Scientific research about Alzheimer's and cannabis '''
* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2018.00051/full#h6 'Cannabis Therapeutics and the Future of Neurology: Cannabis and Alzheimer Disease (AD)'], a 2018 perspectives article
* [https://www.salk.edu/news-release/cannabinoids-remove-plaque-forming-alzheimers-proteins-from-brain-cells/ News (2016): "Cannabinoids remove plaque-forming Alzheimer’s proteins from brain cells" @ salk.edu] - Preliminary lab studies at the Salk Institute find THC reduces beta amyloid proteins in human neurons

''' Links about Alzheimer's disease and cannabis'''
* https://www.forbes.com/sites/abbierosner/2019/02/26/cannabis-for-parkinsons-and-alzheimers-diseases-an-interview-with-dr-ethan-russo/#10fc5c765dd6

* [[w:Alzheimer's disease research|Wikipedia article on Alzheimer's disease research]] has only a few words about cannabis therapeutics and those are very sceptical.

== Alzheimer's and turmeric ==
* 'Optimized Turmeric Extract Reduces β-Amyloid and Phosphorylated Tau Protein Burden in Alzheimer’s Transgenic Mice' suggests that turmeric may be useful for Alzheimer's sufferers as it has been shown to inhibit beta amyloid aggregation and secretation in mice.<ref name="AlzheimersTurmeric2012">https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/car/2012/00000009/00000004/art00012</ref> 

== Alzheimer's and ginger ==
Ginger may improve brain functioning and protect against Alzheimer's disease <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>

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= Antibiotics from nature =

== Antibiotic blackberries  ==
[[File:Ripe,_ripening,_and_green_blackberries.jpg|right|thumb|240px|Ripe, ripening and raw [[w:blackberries|blackberries]]]]
'''[[w:Blackberries|Blackberries]]''' kill antibiotic resistant [[w:staphylococcus aureus|staphylococcus aureus]] bacteria<ref name="PubMed2017BlacberriesAntibiotic"/>.  Irish teen awarded prize for discovery.<ref name="blackberries1"/>

== Antibiotic cannabis leaves ==
Cannabis leaves found effective against antibiotic resistant bacteria.<ref name="cannabis-leaf-antibiotic-2014">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322697165_In_vitro_antibacterial_activity_of_Cannabis_sativa_leaf_extracts_to_some_selective_pathogenic_bacterial_strains</ref>

''' Studies about antibiotic cannabis '''
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322697165_In_vitro_antibacterial_activity_of_Cannabis_sativa_leaf_extracts_to_some_selective_pathogenic_bacterial_strains 'In vitro antibacterial activity of Cannabis sativa leaf extracts to some selective pathogenic bacterial strains'], a 2014 open-access research paper

''' Links about antibiotic cannabis '''
* https://www.royalqueenseeds.com/blog-marijuana-will-be-an-antibiotic-for-the-future-n366

== Antibiotic thyme ==

[[File:Brot_de_farigola2.JPG|thumb|left|140px|[[w:Thymus vulgaris|Thymus vulgaris]] shoot]]
'''[[w:Thyme|Thyme]]''' contains [[w:thymol]], which is a natural antibiotic. Oil of thyme, the essential oil of common thyme (''[[w:Thymus vulgaris]]''), contains 20–54% thymol and other substances. (Wikipedia)

* [https://www.getholistichealth.com/78914/thyme-essential-oil-throat-lungs/ 'Thyme essential oil found to cure just about any infection of the throat and lungs' at GetHolisticHealth.com] (2019 article)
* [https://livelovefruit.com/thyme-essential-oil-beats-ibuprofen/ 'Thyme Essential Oil for Pain Relief'], a 2018 LiveLoveFruit.com article

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= Asthma =
== Asthma and cannabis ==

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/asthma.htm Extensive compendium of research about asthma and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]
* https://herb.co/learn/cannabis-asthama/
* [https://www.wakingtimes.com/2016/12/08/thc-makes-cannabis-ideal-for-treating-asthma-study-shows/ 'THC Makes Cannabis Ideal for Treating Asthma, Study Shows' at Waking Times] (2016)
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= Autism =
== Autism and cannabis == 

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/autism.htm Extensive compendium of research about autism and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]
* http://www.newsweek.com/2018/02/23/really-good-weed-why-cannabis-may-be-worlds-most-effective-remedy-core-806758.html
* https://www.whatiscbd.com/cbd-for-autism/

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= Autoimmune diseases =
== Autoimmune diseases and cannabis ==
Cannabis helps with many [[w:autoimmune disease|autoimmune disease]]s due to its anti-inflammatory and other properties.

'''Links about autoimmune diseases and cannabis'''
* https://herb.co/news/health/autoimmune-diseases/
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== Rheumatoid arthritis and cannabis ==
Cannabis helps with [[w:Rheumatoid arthritis|Rheumatoid arthritis]].

''' Studies about rheumatic diseases and cannabis '''
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5685274/ 'The endocannabinoid system in pain and inflammation: Its relevance to rheumatic disease'], a 2017 article

''' Links about Rheumatoid arthritis and cannabis '''
* http://ehealthmagz.com/2018/10/29/cannabis-could-be-reversing-damage-to-arthritic-joints/
* http://globalhealthtimes.com/2019/02/28/cannabis-could-be-reversing-damage-to-arthritic-joints/, a 2019 article
* https://herb.co/news/health/greenlight-medicines-cannabis-arthritis/
* [https://www.leafly.com/news/health/57-of-arthritis-patients-have-tried-cannabis-90-found-it-helped '57% of Arthritis Patients Have Tried Cannabis. 90% Found It Helped' at Leafly.com], a 2019 article
* https://livelovefruit.com/cannabis-for-arthritis/
* [https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/lifestyle/2019/08/woman-who-uses-cannabis-to-treat-arthritis-urges-doctors-to-prescribe-to-patients-in-need.html 'Woman who uses cannabis to treat arthritis urges doctors to prescribe to patients in need'] a 2019 article on newshub.co.nz


== Rheumatoid arthiritis and ginger ==
{{Q|'''[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]]''' seems to be effective in an animal model of [[w:rheumatoid arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Funk |first1=Janet L. |last2=Frye |first2=Jennifer B. |last3=Oyarzo |first3=Janice N. |last4=Timmermann |first4=Barbara N. |title=Comparative Effects of Two Gingerol-Containing Zingiber officinale Extracts on Experimental Rheumatoid Arthritis |journal=Journal of Natural Products |volume=72 |issue=3 |pages=403–7 |year=2009 |pmid=19216559 |pmc=2837120 |doi=10.1021/np8006183}}</ref>|Wikipedia|[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]] and [[w:rheumatoid arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]] as of 2019-11|Wikipedia|[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]] and [[w:rheumatoid arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]] as of 2019-11}}
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== Lupus and cannabis ==
Cannabis helps with [[w:Systemic lupus erythematosus|Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
* https://herb.co/learn/best-cbd-strain-for-lupus/

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== Coeliac disease and cannabis ==
Cannabis helps with [[w:Coeliac disease|Coeliac disease]].

* https://herb.co/learn/celiac-disease-and-cannabis

== Psoriasis and cannabis ==
You could also be looking for '''[[#dermatitis|dermatitis]]''', also known as eczema.

Cannabis helps with [[w:Psoriasis|Psoriasis]] and when applied externally.
* https://herb.co/learn/cbd-lotion-psoriasis/
* https://herb.co/guides/cbd-oil-psoriasis-eczema/
* https://hightimes.com/health/treat-psoriasis-with-cannabis/

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= Cancers =
== Cancers and turmeric ==
Curcumin has been found to have anti-cancer properties. Curcumin interferes with cancer via multiple [[w:cell signaling|cell signaling]] pathways, including [[w:cell cycle|cell cycle]], [[w:apoptosis|apoptosis]], proliferation, survival, invasion, [[w:angiogenesis|angiogenesis]], [[w:metastasis|metastasis]] and [[w:inflammation|inflammation]]<ref name="CancersTurmeric2008">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304383508002310</ref>.

* [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1208/s12248-009-9128-x Study: Curcumin and Cancer Cells: How Many Ways Can Curry Kill Tumor Cells Selectively?]
* [http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/turmeric General info: Turmeric and cancers article by Cancer Research UK]

== Cancers and cannabis ==

=== Key things everyone needs to know about cancers and cannabis ===
'''Warning''': '''Smoking''' the cannabis as the method of cannabinoid delivery the smoke contains quite a few '''[[w:carcinogen|carcinogenic substances]]''' i.e. cancer inducing substances. See the section '''[[#Administering cannabis|administering cannabis]]''' for alternatives to smoking it.

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Internet is rife with stories about winning the battle against cancer with the help of phytocannabinoids. What does the science say?

'''Cannabis is...'''
# '''Anti-proliferative''' - cannabis is against tumor growth <ref name=herb-co-cancer>https://herb.co/news/health/cannabis-kills-cancer/</ref>
# '''Anti-[[w:metastasis|metastatic]]''' - cannabis is against cancer spreading to other parts in the body because of metastatic activity<ref name=herb-co-cancer/>
# '''Anti-[[w:angiogenesis|angiogenetic]]''' - cannabis is against new blood vein growth to tumor<ref name=herb-co-cancer/>
# '''Apoptotic''' - cannabis causes cancer cells to programmedly kill themselves via '''[[w:Apoptosis|Apoptosis]]'''. <ref name=herb-co-cancer/>
# '''Pain relief''' - cannabis works very well against the somatic and nonsomatic pains brought on by cancer.
# '''Appetite stimulator''' - cannabis helps maintain a good appetite.
# '''Anti-nauseatic''' - cannabis helps with the [[w:chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting|chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting]] if you receive chemotherapy. World's first study of cannabis for chemotherapy's negative effects is underway in Australia. <ref name=herb-co-nausea>https://herb.co/news/health/world-first-cannabis-chemotherapy/</ref> <ref name="nsw2016">https://www.medicinalcannabis.nsw.gov.au/clinical-trials/chemotherapy-trial</ref>  

Phytocannabinoids are '''harmless''' to '''healthy''' cannabinoid receptor containing '''cells'''.

* [https://herb.co/learn/cannabis-cancer-treatment Everything You Need To Know About Cannabis And Cancer Treatment, a 2017 article at herb.co]
* [https://herb.co/news/health/cannabis-kills-cancer/ These Are The 4 Ways Cannabis Kills Cancer, a 2016 article at herb.co]

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=== Links about cannabis and cancer in general ===

''' Scientific articles '''
* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2019.00339/full 'The Endocannabinoid System as a Target in Cancer Diseases: Are We There Yet?'] a 2019 peer-reviewed review article published in Frontiers in Pharmacology, a journal by [[w:Frontiers Media]]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4791148/ 'Integrating cannabis into clinical cancer care'], a 2016 scientific article by D.I. Abrams, MD, published in [[w:Current Oncology]]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4791144/ "Anticancer mechanisms of cannabinoids", a 2016 paper published in Current Oncology]
* [https://www.theroc.us/researchlibrary/Cannabidiol%20as%20potential%20anticancer%20drug.pdf "Cannabidiol as potential anticancer drug",a 2017 paper published in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology]
* [http://www.oncotarget.com/index.php?journal=oncotarget&page=article&op=view&path%5B0%5D=26983&path%5B1%5D=85698 'The heterogeneity and complexity of Cannabis extracts as antitumor agents'], a 2019 research paper published in [[w:Oncotarget]]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4791148/ 'Integrating cannabis into clinical cancer care'], a 2016 study published in the journal [[w:Current Oncology]]

''' Ongoing and upcoming cannabis and cancer '''
* [https://www.calcalistech.com/ctech/articles/0,7340,L-3768476,00.html 'Israeli Cannabis Outfit Cannbit Launches Cancer Study'], a 2019 news item on calcalistech.com. The study will involve molecules found effective in fighting melanoma, neuroblastoma, and Glioblastoma.

'''"Official" information'''
* [https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/complementary-and-alternative-medicine/marijuana-and-cancer.html 'Marijuana and Cancer' by the American Cancer Society]
* [https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/hp/cannabis-pdq National Cancer Institute of USA on cancers and cannabis (health professional version)] 
* [https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/patient/cannabis-pdq National Cancer Institute of USA on cancers and cannabis (patient version)] 

'''Cannabis and cancers advocacy'''
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancervarious.htm A compendium of research regarding cancers and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]
* [http://www.calgarycmmc.com/c.htm Cannabis Research A to Z, the letter 'C' at calgarycmmc.com]
* [https://www.exposingtruth.com/123-cannabis-cancer/ Exposing The Truth: Links with abstracts to 123 scientific articles on cannabis and cancers]
* http://www.healedbycannabis.com/ Healed by Cannabis website] by a cancer survivor David Triplett who healed his skin cancer with cannabis oil
* https://herb.co/news/health/cancer-institute-finally-admits-marijuana-kills-cancer/
* https://herb.co/news/health/us-govt-admits-marijuana-kills-cancer-cells/ 

'''Testimonies about cannabis and cancer'''
* [http://drsircus.com/medical-marijuana/cannabis-cures-cancer/ Dr. Mark Sircus, Ac., OMD on cannabis curing cancer]

'''Cancer surviving cases with cannabis'''
* [https://realfarmacy.com/elderly-man-terminal-cancer-walks-hospice-treatement-cannabis/ Stan Ruthner survived non-Hodgkin lymphoma]

'''Learn from videos by experts in phytocannabinoid treatment of cancers'''

'''People:''' 
*'''[[w:Cristina Sánchez (molecular biologist)| Dr. Cristina Sánchez]]''' is a molecular biology research scientist who did her doctorate on cannabinoids and cancers. She is a leader in researching the anti-cancer qualities of cannabinoids. She works at the [[w:Complutense University of Madrid]] 
* ''' [http://www.bbm1.ucm.es/cannabis/manuelguzmaninicio_en.htm Dr. Manuel Guzmán]''' also works as a molecular biology researcher on researching the potential of cannabis as a cancer medication in the Complutense University of Madrid.
* '''[https://www.sgul.ac.uk/research-profiles-a-z/wai-liu Dr. Wai Liu]''' works on researching medical cannabis for cancer (among other things) at the [[w:St George's, University of London]].

'''Videos'''
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rnVisZVZfHc Dr. Cristina Sanchez interview where she expains how apoptosis makes cancer cells kill themselves] 
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1miGzTwK28U Dr. Cristina Sanchez on how cannabinoids work against cancers]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccYeiuzFnYs Dr. Cristina Sanchez at Cannafest Prague 2015]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W53Z33Vk5T8 Dr. Cristina Sanchez lecture in Australia] (no slideshow shots, sorry)



'''See also: [[#Cancers and turmeric|Cancers and turmeric]]''' (intra-article link)

=== Chemotherapy and cannabis ===
* [https://www.forbes.com/sites/daviddisalvo/2018/07/31/study-cbd-from-marijuana-plus-chemotherapy-triples-cancer-survival-rates-in-mice/#297759934630 'Study: CBD From Marijuana Plus Chemotherapy Tripled Cancer Survival Rates In Mice'], a 2018 news item on Forbes.com
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== Adenocarcinoma ==
'''[[w:Adenocarcinoma|Adenocarcinoma]]''' is a type of cancerous tumor that can occur in several parts of the body. (Wikipedia)

''' Links '''
* [https://www.rxleaf.com/deadly-adenocarcinoma-struck-down-by-flavonoids-in-cannabis/ 'Flavonoids May Be A Cancer-Fighter In Cannabis'], a 2019 article on adenocarcinomas and flavonoids of cannabis at RXLeaf.com
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== Brain cancer ==

A '''[[w:glioma|glioma]]''' is a type of [[w:tumor|tumor]] that starts in the [[w:glial cells|glial cells]] of the [[w:Human brain|brain]] or the [[w:Vertebral column|spine]]. (Wikipedia) A '''[[w:blastoma|blastoma]]''' is a type of cancer, more common in children, that is caused by malignancies in [[w:precursor cell|precursor cell]]s. (Wikipedia)

'''[[w:Glioblastoma|Glioblastoma]]''' is the most aggressive form of brain cancer, but it may potentially be treated with cannabis.<ref name="MedicalDaily2017Glioblastoma">https://www.medicaldaily.com/marijuana-just-might-help-cure-one-deadliest-forms-brain-cancer-410947</ref> 

=== Brain cancer and cannabis ===

In 2018 [[w:Insys Therapeutics|Insys Therapeutics]] announced the the [[w:Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] has given CBD an [[w:orphan drug|orphan drug]] designation (ODD) to CBD for treating gliomas.<ref name="WPHealth2018glioma">http://wphealth.cc/2018/10/11/fda-approves-cannabis-for-brain-cancer-treatment/</ref>

''' Studies about brain tumors and cannabis '''
* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2018.00051/full#h4 'Cannabis Therapeutics and the Future of Neurology: Cannabis and Brain Tumors'], a 2018 perspective article

''' Links about brain cancer and cannabis'''
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancerglioma.htm Extensive compendium of research about brain cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]
* https://herb.co/news/health/cannabis-treat-brain-cancer/
* https://herb.co/news/health/taylor-rehmeyer/

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== Breast cancer ==
=== Breast cancer and cannabis ===
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancerbreast.htm Extensive compendium of research about breast cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]


=== Breast cancer and frankincense ===
[[File:Fiori-Boswellia.jpg|thumb|left|200px|A flowering [[w:Boswellia sacra|Boswellia sacra]] tree]]
'''[[w:Boswellia|Boswellia]]''' is a [[w:genus|genus]] of [[w:tree|tree]]s in the [[w:order (biology)|order]] [[w:Sapindales|Sapindales]], known for their fragrant [[w:resin|resin]]. The biblical incense '''[[w:frankincense]]''' was an extract from the resin of the tree ''[[w:Boswellia sacra|Boswellia sacra]]'', and is now produced also from ''[[w:Boswellia frereana|B. frereana]]''. (Wikipedia)

''' Scientific articles about frankincense healing '''
* [https://bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6882-11-129 'Boswellia sacra essential oil induces tumor cell-specific apoptosis and suppresses tumor aggressiveness in cultured human breast cancer cells'], a 2011 in vitro study

=== Breast cancer and ginger ===

{{Q|Gingerol has been investigated [[w:in vitro]] for its effect on cancerous tumors of the bowel,<ref name=""BBCGinger2003"/><ref name="GingerolColonCancer2009"/> breast tissue,<ref name="BreastCancerGingerol2008"/> ovaries,<ref name="OvarianCancerGinger2007"/> and pancreas,<ref name=PancreasCancerGinger2006"/> with positive results.|Wikipedia|[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]] as of 2019-11}}
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== Cervical cancer ==
=== Cervical cancer and cannabis ===
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancercervical.htm Extensive compendium of research about cervical cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]

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== Colon cancer ==
=== Colon cancer and cannabis ===
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancercolorectal.htm Extensive compendium of research about colon cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]


=== Colon cancer and ginger ===
{{Q|Gingerol has been investigated [[w:in vitro]] for its effect on cancerous tumors of the bowel,<ref name=""BBCGinger2003"/><ref name="GingerolColonCancer2009"/> breast tissue,<ref name="BreastCancerGingerol2008"/> ovaries,<ref name="OvarianCancerGinger2007"/> and pancreas,<ref name=PancreasCancerGinger2006"/> with positive results.|Wikipedia|[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]] as of 2019-11}}


=== Colon cancer and dandelion root ===

[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project] at [[w:University of Windsor|University of Windsor]], [[w:Ontario|Ontario]] has studied dandelion root since 2009 and they state on on their website:

{{Q|Since the commencement of this project, we have been able to successfully assess the effect of a simple water extract of dandelion root in various human cancer cell types, in the lab and we have observed its effectiveness against human [[w:Lymphoid_leukemia#T-cell_leukemias|T cell leukemia]], [[w:chronic myelomonocytic leukemia|chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]], [[w:pancreatic cancer|pancreatic]] and [[w:colon cancer|colon cancer]]s, with no toxicity to non-cancer cells. Furthermore, these efficacy studies have been confirmed in animal models (mice) that have been transplanted with human colon cancer cells.<ref name="DandelionRootProject"/>|[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project]|anti-cancer properties of dandelion root water extract}}
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== Langerhans cell sarcoma ==
=== Langerhans cell sarcoma and cannabis ===
[[w:Langerhans cell sarcoma|Langerhans cell sarcoma]] is extremely rare.

* [https://metro-co-uk.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/metro.co.uk/2018/10/24/my-son-had-three-days-to-live-before-cannabis-saved-him-mum-reveals-8069362/amp/?usqp=mq331AQECAFYAQ%3D%3D&fbclid=IwAR0bsaXyM6szVL3YmRYb5tZkMKvvlSPNYsPfGet6t5UMnoP1Qluq_JCuYmU&amp_js_v=0.1#aoh=15403800867555&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fmetro.co.uk%2F2018%2F10%2F24%2Fmy-son-had-three-days-to-live-before-cannabis-saved-him-mum-reveals-8069362%2F A Langerhans cell sarcoma survivor story, treated with full plant extract]
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== Leukemia ==
There are 2 main types of Leukemia:
* [[w:Myeloid leukemia|Myeloid leukemia]] (of the bone marrow)
* [[w:Lymphoid leukemia|Lymphoid leukemia]] (of the lymphatic node)

=== Leukemia and cannabis ===

''' Links about Lymphoid and Myeloid leukemia and cannabis'''
* [https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-015-2029-8 Dronabinol (synthetic THC) has preferential antileukemic activity in acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemia with lymphoid differentiation patterns]
* [http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/33/10/4373.abstract#corresp-1 Enhancing the Activity of Cannabidiol and Other Cannabinoids In Vitro Through Modifications to Drug Combinations and Treatment Schedules], a 2013 study published in the journal Anticancer Research 

=== Leukemia and ginger ===
{{Q|Gingerol and its analogues have a favourable [[w:toxicity|toxicity]] profile, but are [[w:Cytotoxicity|cytotoxic]] towards a range of cancer cell lines including [[w:Leukemia|blood cancer]] and [[w:lung cancer|lung cancer]].<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 26228533 | doi=10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.07.012 | volume=117 | title=Gingerols and shogaols: Important nutraceutical principles from ginger | journal=Phytochemistry | pages=554–68 | last1 = Semwal | first1 = RB | last2 = Semwal | first2 = DK | last3 = Combrinck | first3 = S | last4 = Viljoen | first4 = AM}}</ref>|Wikipedia|[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]] and [[w:Leukemia|blood cancer]] and [[w:lung cancer|lung cancer]] as of 2019-11}}

=== Lymphoid leukemia and cannabis ===
''' Links about Lymphoid leukemia and cannabis'''
* https://ocgreenrelief.org/medical-marijuana/cannabis-oil-acute-leukemia-2
* http://truemedmd.com/2014/06/cannabis-oil-acute-leukemia/


==== T cell leukemia and dandelion root ====

[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project] at [[w:University of Windsor|University of Windsor]], [[w:Ontario|Ontario]] has studied dandelion root since 2009 and they state on on their website:

{{Q|Since the commencement of this project, we have been able to successfully assess the effect of a simple water extract of dandelion root in various human cancer cell types, in the lab and we have observed its effectiveness against human [[w:Lymphoid_leukemia#T-cell_leukemias|T cell leukemia]], [[w:chronic myelomonocytic leukemia|chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]], [[w:pancreatic cancer|pancreatic]] and [[w:colon cancer|colon cancer]]s, with no toxicity to non-cancer cells. Furthermore, these efficacy studies have been confirmed in animal models (mice) that have been transplanted with human colon cancer cells.<ref name="DandelionRootProject"/>|[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project]|anti-cancer properties of dandelion root water extract}}

=== Myeloid leukemia and cannabis ===
''' Links about Myeloid leukemia and cannabis'''

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancerleukemia.htm Extensive compendium of reasearch on leukemia and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]
* http://www.leafscience.com/2013/10/14/cannabinoids-destroy-leukemia-cells-new-study-finds/
* https://medijane.co.za/disease-index/will-marijuana-cure-cancer/acute-myeloid-leukemia-aml-cannabis/


==== Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and dandelion root ====

[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project] at [[w:University of Windsor|University of Windsor]], [[w:Ontario|Ontario]] has studied dandelion root since 2009 and they state on on their website:

{{Q|Since the commencement of this project, we have been able to successfully assess the effect of a simple water extract of dandelion root in various human cancer cell types, in the lab and we have observed its effectiveness against human [[w:Lymphoid_leukemia#T-cell_leukemias|T cell leukemia]], [[w:chronic myelomonocytic leukemia|chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]], [[w:pancreatic cancer|pancreatic]] and [[w:colon cancer|colon cancer]]s, with no toxicity to non-cancer cells. Furthermore, these efficacy studies have been confirmed in animal models (mice) that have been transplanted with human colon cancer cells.<ref name="DandelionRootProject"/>|[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project]|anti-cancer properties of dandelion root water extract}}
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== Liver cancer ==
=== Liver cancer and cannabis ===
* https://herb.co/news/health/liver-cancer-cannabis/

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== Lung cancer ==
=== Lung cancer and cannabis ===
Laboratory and mice studies seem to indicate that THC can slow down the growth of lung cancer tumours from growing by binding to the same receptors as [[w:epidermal growth factor|epidermal growth factor]] (EGF): the [[w:epidermal growth factor receptor|epidermal growth factor receptor]]s (EGFR).

''' Links to studies about lung cancer and cannabis ''''
* [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/04/070417193338.htm An article on a 2007 study on THC against lung cancer on sciencedaily.com]
* [http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/67/9_Supplement/4749 Study: "Δ-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol inhibits growth and metastasis of lung cancer." presented at the 2007 AACR Annual Meeting]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6385325/ 'Striking lung cancer response to self-administration of cannabidiol: A case report and literature review']

''' Compendiums of information on lung cancer and cannabis
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancerlung.htm Extensive compendium of reasearch on lung cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]

''' Lung cancer and cannabis in the media '''
* [https://abcnews.go.com/Health/Healthday/story?id=4506595&page=1 Marijuana Compound May Fight Lung Cancer at abcnews.go.com]
* [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6761503/Striking-scans-lung-cancer-patients-tumours-SHRINK-CBD-oil.html Patient taking CBD oil found to have significant shrinking of the tumor] (2019 article)

=== Lung cancer and ginger ===
{{Q|Gingerol and its analogues have a favourable [[w:toxicity|toxicity]] profile, but are [[w:Cytotoxicity|cytotoxic]] towards a range of cancer cell lines including [[w:Leukemia|blood cancer]] and [[w:lung cancer|lung cancer]].<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 26228533 | doi=10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.07.012 | volume=117 | title=Gingerols and shogaols: Important nutraceutical principles from ginger | journal=Phytochemistry | pages=554–68 | last1 = Semwal | first1 = RB | last2 = Semwal | first2 = DK | last3 = Combrinck | first3 = S | last4 = Viljoen | first4 = AM}}</ref>|Wikipedia|[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]] and [[w:Leukemia|blood cancer]] and [[w:lung cancer|lung cancer]] as of 2019-11}}

----

== Lymphoma ==
[[w:Hodgkin's lymphoma|Hodgkin's lymphoma]] is a type of [[w:lymphoma|lymphoma]] in which [[w:cancer|cancer]] originates from a specific type of [[w:white blood cell|white blood cell]]s called [[w:lymphocyte|lymphocyte]]s. (Wikipedia)

== Lymphoma and cannabis ==

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancerlymphoma.htm Extensive compendium of reasearch on lymphoma and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]
* https://herb.co/news/health/hodgkins-lymphoma-cannabis/

----
== Oral cancer ==
=== Oral cancer and cannabis ===

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/canceroral.htm Extensive compendium of research on oral cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]

----
== Osteosarcoma ==
[[w:Osteosarcoma]] is a bone cancer.

=== Osteosarcoma and cannabis ===

* https://www.rxleaf.com/post/12004/colorado-teen-sent-home-to-die-from-bone-cancer-but-cannabis-got-him-back-to-school
----
== Ovarian cancer ==
=== Ovarian cancer and cannabis ===

''' Links to studies about ovarian cancer and cannabis '''
* [https://plan.core-apps.com/eb2018/abstract/3c293e66-dc71-4140-8044-1b83d81c7eb4 'KY Hemp-induced Modulation of Ovarian Cancer Cell Metastasis'], a 2018 abstract presented at the Experimental Biology meeting. [https://www.inverse.com/article/44039-cancer-hemp-plant-based-treatment Inverse.com article on the study]

''' Links to information about ovarian cancer and cannabis '''

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/ovariancancer.htm Extensive compendium of research on ovarian cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]

=== Ovarian cancer and frankincense ===
''' Links to articles about frankincense healing ''''

* [http://www.universityherald.com/articles/6350/20131220/frankincense-christmas-gift-ovarian-cancer-cells-leicester-university-gum.htm 'Frankincense Effective in Killing Ovarian Cancer Cells, Study' reporting at www.universityherald.com] (2013 news item) and reported again by 2019 popular article [https://www.getholistichealth.com/78078/frankincense-outperform-chemo-killing-ovarian-cancer-cells/ 'Frankincense found to outperform chemo in killing Ovarian Cancer cells' on GetHolisticHealth.com] 

=== Ovarian cancer and ginger ===

{{Q|Gingerol has been investigated [[w:in vitro]] for its effect on cancerous tumors of the bowel,<ref name=""BBCGinger2003"/><ref name="GingerolColonCancer2009"/> breast tissue,<ref name="BreastCancerGingerol2008"/> ovaries,<ref name="OvarianCancerGinger2007"/> and pancreas,<ref name=PancreasCancerGinger2006"/> with positive results.|Wikipedia|[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]] as of 2019-11}}
----

== Pancreatic cancer ==

=== Pancreatic cancer and cannabis ===

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancerpancreatic.htm Extensive compendium of research on pancreatic cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]

* [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/pancreatic-cancer-medical-cannabis-cbd-oil-cannabidiol-chemotherapy-a8470406.html Medical cannabis extract could help pancreatic cancer patients live longer, early study suggests] an 2019 article in the Independent

''' Studies about pancreatic cancer and cannabis '''

* [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41388-018-0390-1 'GPR55 signalling promotes proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and tumour growth in mice, and its inhibition increases effects of gemcitabine'], a 2018 study published in [[w:Oncogene (journal)|Oncogene]]. Forbes.com news item on the study [https://www.forbes.com/sites/daviddisalvo/2018/07/31/study-cbd-from-marijuana-plus-chemotherapy-triples-cancer-survival-rates-in-mice/ 'Study: CBD From Marijuana Plus Chemotherapy Tripled Cancer Survival Rates In Mice'] 

=== Pancreatic cancer and ginger ===
{{Q|Gingerol has been investigated [[w:in vitro]] for its effect on cancerous tumors of the bowel,<ref name=""BBCGinger2003"/><ref name="GingerolColonCancer2009"/> breast tissue,<ref name="BreastCancerGingerol2008"/> ovaries,<ref name="OvarianCancerGinger2007"/> and pancreas,<ref name=PancreasCancerGinger2006"/> with positive results.|Wikipedia|[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]] as of 2019-11}}

=== Pancreatic cancer and dandelion root ===

[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project] at [[w:University of Windsor|University of Windsor]], [[w:Ontario|Ontario]] has studied dandelion root since 2009 and they state on on their website:

{{Q|Since the commencement of this project, we have been able to successfully assess the effect of a simple water extract of dandelion root in various human cancer cell types, in the lab and we have observed its effectiveness against human [[w:Lymphoid_leukemia#T-cell_leukemias|T cell leukemia]], [[w:chronic myelomonocytic leukemia|chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]], [[w:pancreatic cancer|pancreatic]] and [[w:colon cancer|colon cancer]]s, with no toxicity to non-cancer cells. Furthermore, these efficacy studies have been confirmed in animal models (mice) that have been transplanted with human colon cancer cells.<ref name="DandelionRootProject"/>|[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project]|anti-cancer properties of dandelion root water extract}}

''' Studies about pancreatic cancer and dandelion root '''
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22647733 'Selective induction of apoptosis and autophagy through treatment with dandelion root extract in human pancreatic cancer cells.'], a 2010 study

----
== Prostate cancer ==
=== Prostate cancer and cannabis ===
Cannabis helps with [[w:prostate cancer|prostate cancer]].

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancerprostate.htm Extensive compendium of research on prostate cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]
* https://cannabishealthradio.com/blog/2017/09/18/episode-217-his-incurable-prostate-cancer-has-been-cleared-with-the-use-of-cannabis-oil/

=== Prostate cancer and dandelion root ===
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18425335 'Evaluation of aqueous extracts of Taraxacum officinale on growth and invasion of breast and prostate cancer cells'], a 2008 study
----
== Skin cancer ==
=== Skin cancer and cannabis ===
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancerskin.htm Extensive compendium of research on skin cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]
* https://www.theroc.us/researchlibrary/Differential%20role%20of%20cannabinoids%20in%20the%20pathogenesis%20of%20skin%20cancer.pdf

== Melanoma ==
=== Melanoma and cannabis ===

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancermelanoma.htm Extensive compendium of research on melanoma and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]
* https://herb.co/learn/skin-cancer/

=== Melanoma and dandelion root ===
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21234313 'The efficacy of dandelion root extract in inducing apoptosis in drug-resistant human melanoma cells.'], a 2010 study

----
== Testicular cancer ==
=== Testicular cancer and cannabis ===

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancertesticular.htm Extensive compendium of research on testicular cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]

----
== Thyroid cancer ==
=== Thyroid cancer and cannabis ===

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/cancerthyroid.htm Extensive compendium of research on thyroid cancer and cannabis at calgarycmmc.com]

----

= Common cough =
== Common cough and pineapple ==
[[File:Nanas subang.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Pineapple is effective cough medicine due to its [[w:Bromelain|Bromelain]] content.]]

[[w:Pineapple|Pineapple]] fruit and it's stem contain [[w:Bromelain|Bromelain]], an enzyme with anti-cough properties.

In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that bromelain exhibits various [[w:Fibrinolysis|fibrinolytic]], [[w:Edema|antiedematous]], [[w:Thrombosis|antithrombotic]], and [[w:anti-inflammatory|anti-inflammatory]] activities.<ref name="Bromelain1">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3529416/</ref> Bromelain accounts for many therapeutic benefits like the treatment of [[w:angina pectoris|angina pectoris]], [[w:bronchitis|bronchitis]], [[w:sinusitis|sinusitis]], surgical trauma, and [[w:thrombophlebitis|thrombophlebitis]], [[w:debridement|debridement]] of wounds, and enhanced [[w:Absorption (pharmacology)|absorption of drugs]], particularly [[w:antibiotics|antibiotics]].<ref name="Bromelain1"/>

== Common cough and elderberries ==
[[File:Sambucus-berries.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Elderberries]]
'''Elderberries''' (or Elder) belong to the genus '''[[w:Sambucus]]''' and may be useful for various kinds of flu.

* https://www.getholistichealth.com/78315/elderberry-eliminate-cold-flu/ lists a few studies that found it effective
* https://nccih.nih.gov/health/euroelder just states that more studies must be done to determine if it helps with flus

----
= Crohn's disease =
== Crohn's disease and cannabis ==
Study shows THC helps with Crohn's disease.

* [https://badgut.org/information-centre/a-z-digestive-topics/cannabis/ 'Medical Cannabis' by the Gastrointestinal Society (of Canada)]
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/crohns.htm Extensive compendium of research about Crohn's disease and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]
* [https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323403.php 'Cannabis relieves symptoms in Crohn's disease'], a 2018 article at MedicalNewsToday.com
* [https://www.rxleaf.com/crohns-patients-see-65-remisson-in-placebo-cannabis-clinical-trial-1 'Crohn's Patients See 65% Remisson in Placebo/Cannabis Clinical Trial'], 2019 reporting by RXLeaf.com
* https://theheartysoul.com/cannabis-crohns-disease-treatment-remission/
----
= Epilepsy =
== Epilepsy and cannabis ==
[[File:FullExtractCannabisOil.jpg|thumb|right|360px|Full extract cannabis oil in a syringe for easy dosing and travel is usually administered in drops to the gums or under the tongue.]]

Cannabis can be used to treat epilepsy.

''' Studies about epilepsies and cannabis'''
* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2018.00051/full#h3 'Cannabis Therapeutics and the Future of Neurology: Cannabis and Epilepsy], a 2018 article
* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1525505019308625 'Efficacy and adverse event profile of cannabidiol and medicinal cannabis for treatment-resistant epilepsy:'], a 2020 systematic review and meta-analysis<ref group="first seen in">https://www.facebook.com/groups/cbd.thc/</ref>

''' Links about epilepsies and cannabis '''
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/epilepsy.htm Extensive compendium of research about epilepsy and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]

* https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6302465/Epileptic-boy-nearly-sectioned-attends-school-day-cannabis-oil.html
* http://sorendreier.com/boy-with-100-seizures-a-day-now-has-none-after-taking-cannabis-oil/
* http://www.rosintech.com/how-cannabis-concentrates-can-help-those-with-epilepsy/

= Dravet syndrome =
== Dravet syndrome and cannabis ==
'''[[w:Dravet syndrome]]''', previously known as severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI), is a type of [[w:epilepsy]] with seizures that are often triggered by hot temperatures or [[w:fever]].

In a 2018 trial '''[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/acn3.621 'A prospective open‐label trial of a CBD/THC cannabis oil in dravet syndrome']''' the reasearchers found that when treating Dravet syndrome with 50:1 CBD:THC-ratio oil "There was a statistically significant improvement in quality of life, reduction in EEG spike activity, and median '''motor seizure reduction of 70.6%''', with 50% responder rate of 63%.". [https://www.ctvnews.ca/mobile/health/cannabis-oil-with-thc-may-help-treat-kids-with-severe-epilepsy-1.4035970 CTVNews.ca article 'Cannabis oil with THC may help treat kids with severe epilepsy' reporting on the study]
----
= Dermatological conditions =
== Dermatological conditions and cannabis ==
* [https://www.skintherapyletter.com/dermatology/cannabinoids-potential/ 'The Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoids in Dermatology'], a 2018 review published in the Skin Therapy Letter.

[[#Psoriasis and cannabis]] is listed under autoimmune diseases. 

== Dermatitis ==
'''[[w:Dermatitis|Dermatitis]]''', also known as '''eczema''', is a group of diseases that results in [[w:inflammation|inflammation]] of the [[w:Human skin|skin]] that includes [[w:atopic dermatitis|atopic dermatitis]], [[w:allergic contact dermatitis|allergic contact dermatitis]], [[w:irritant contact dermatitis|irritant contact dermatitis]] and [[w:stasis dermatitis|stasis dermatitis]]. (Adapted from Wikipedia)

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/dermatitis.htm Extensive compendium of research about dermatitis and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]
* https://herb.co/guides/cbd-oil-psoriasis-eczema/

----
= Lyme disease =

== Lyme disease and stevia ==
Lyme disease also known as Lyme borreliosis, is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium named ''[[w:Borrelia|Borrelia]]'' spread by [[w:ticks|ticks]].

[[File:Stevia plant.jpg|thumb|left|upright|''[[w:Stevia rebaudiana|Stevia rebaudiana]]'']]
'''[[W:Stevia|Stevia]]''' is a sweetener and sugar substitute extracted from the leaves of the plant species [[w:Stevia rebaudiana|Stevia rebaudiana]], native to Brazil and Paraguay. 

Stevia works against the [[w:Lyme disease|Lyme disease]].<ref>https://www.healthspiritbody.com/lyme-disease-treatment/</ref>

'''Links about stevia and Lyme disease'''
* https://www.healthspiritbody.com/lyme-disease-treatment/
* https://livelovefruit.com/stevia-kills-lyme-disease/
----

= Migraines =
== Migraines and cannabis ==
It has been suggested that clinical endocannabinoid deficiency syndrome (CEDS) may be causing migraines. Many studies found medical cannabis as an effective prophylaxis against migraine attacks, especially the high CBD strains.

''' Scientific articles about migraines and cannabis '''
* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.00420/full 'Emerging Role of (Endo)Cannabinoids in Migraine'], a 2018 mini-review, where they summarize recent discoveries and present new hypotheses on the role of cannabinoids in controlling trigeminal nociceptive system underlying migraine pain.
* [https://www.jpain.org/article/S1526-5900(19)30848-X/fulltext 'Short- and Long-Term Effects of Cannabis on Headache and Migraine'], a 2019 open access article published in [[w:The Journal of Pain|The Journal of Pain]] of the [[w:American Pain Society|American Pain Society]] placed under [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CC BY-NC-ND 4.0] 
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289970526_Effects_of_Medical_Marijuana_on_Migraine_Headache_Frequency_in_an_Adult_Population 'Effects of Medical Marijuana on Migraine Headache Frequency in an Adult Population'], a 2016 study published in [[w:Pharmacotherapy (journal)|Pharmacotherapy]]

''' Compediums about migraines and cannabis '''
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/migraineheadache.htm Extensive compendium of research about migraines and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]

''' Links to articles about migraines and cannabis '''
* [https://www.cbdtesters.co/2018/01/25/studies-claim-medical-cannabis-effective-for-treating-migraines/ CBD Testers article on treating migraines with medical cannabis] and link to the study '[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26749285 Effects of Medical Marijuana on Migraine Headache Frequency in an Adult Population]' at PubMed that the article is talking about.
* [http://migrainebuds.com/research-articles-on-cannabis-and-migraines/ Abstracts of studies on migraines and medical cannabis at migrainebuds.com]
* https://www.rxleaf.com/migraine-relief
* [https://www.forbes.com/sites/daviddisalvo/2017/06/29/marijuana-treats-migraine-pain-better-than-prescription-medication-study-finds/ 'Marijuana Treats Migraine Pain Better Than Prescription Medication, Study Finds'], a 2017 news item on Forbes.com

= Pain =
== Pain and cannabis ==

{{Q|You just don't feel like thinking about the pain.|Apotheker [[User:Jukeboksi|Jukeboksi]]|somatic pain relief with cannabis}}

{{Q|There is more to it than that.|Science|above quote}}

Cannabis is anti-inflammatory which helps relieve some of the pain. Pain is a signal of inflammation so counter-acting inflammation causing things cannabis naturally helps lower the pain.

''' Scientific articles about cannabis as an anti-pain agent '''
* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.01496/full 'Some Prospective Alternatives for Treating Pain: The Endocannabinoid System and Its Putative Receptors GPR18 and GPR55'], a 2019 review article in Frontiers in Pharmacology published by [[w:Frontiers Media]]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6081457/ 'Cannabis shenanigans: advocating for the restoration of an effective treatment of pain following spinal cord injury'], a 2018 article published in Spinal Cord Series and Cases

''' Links about cannabis as an anti-pain agent '''
* [https://www.cannabisground.com/cannabis-produces-molecules/ 'How cannabis produces molecules to relieve pain is discovered'], a 2019 article at CannabisGround.com

''' Collections of information on pain management with cannabis '''
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/pain.htm Extensive compendium of research about pain relief and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]

----
= Parkinson's disease =
== Parkinson's disease and cannabis == 

'''Scientific studies on the issue of Parkinsons and cannabinoids'''

* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2018.00051/full#h5 'Cannabis Therapeutics and the Future of Neurology: Cannabis and Parkinson Disease (PD)], a 2018 perspective article
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5165161/ A 2016 scientific review article: Marijuana Compounds: A Nonconventional Approach to Parkinson's Disease Therapy]

''' Compendiums of research '''
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/parkinsonsdisease.htm Extensive compendium of research about Parkinson's disease and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]

'''Articles in media'''
* https://www.forbes.com/sites/abbierosner/2019/02/26/cannabis-for-parkinsons-and-alzheimers-diseases-an-interview-with-dr-ethan-russo/#10fc5c765dd6
* https://herb.co/marijuana/news/cannabis-and-parkinsons-disease
* https://tonic.vice.com/en_us/article/paykwm/weed-could-help-prevent-certain-brain-diseases
* https://scienceofparkinsons.com/2016/09/25/cannabis/

----
= Non-somatic issues =
== Non-somatic issues with cannabis ==
Cannabis can help with various non-somatic problems such as psychiatry, depression and [[w:PTSD|PTSD]].

* [https://www.fundacion-canna.es/en/pursuit-happiness-and-what-cannabinoids-have-do-it 'The pursuit of happiness and what cannabinoids have to do with it'], a fundacion-canna.es article by Tanja Bagar
== Depression ==
=== Depression and cannabis ===
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/depression.htm Extensive compendium of research about depression and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]

== Psychosis ==
=== Psychosis and cannabis ===

''' Studies about psychosis and cannabis '''

* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/19924114/ 'Opposite effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on human brain function and psychopathology.'] - a 2010 study published in [[w:Neuropsychopharmacology (journal)]]
* [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-abstract/2697762 'Effect of Cannabidiol on Medial Temporal, Midbrain, and Striatal Dysfunction in People at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis'], a 2018 randomized controlled trial

''' Articles about psychosis and cannabis '''

* [https://cannabisactivismnow.com/harvard-study-proves-cannabis-does-not-cause-schizophrenia/ 'Harvard Study Proves Cannabis Does Not Cause Schizophrenia'] a 2019 article at CannabisActivismNow.com
* [https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322926.php 'Psychosis: Cannabis extract normalizes brain function'] a 2018 article at MedicalNewsToday.com refers to studies regarding CBD having an anti-psychotic effect
* [https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/aug/29/brain-scans-show-how-cannabis-extract-may-help-people-with-psychosis 'Brain scans show how cannabis extract may help people with psychosis'] (2018) article at TheGuardian.com

== PTSD ==
=== PTSD and cannabis ===
'''Studies about medical cannabis for PTSD'''
* [https://maps.org/news/bulletin/articles/410-bulletin-winter-2016/6466-clinical-trial-update-marijuana-for-ptsd-in-u-s-veterans First ever clinical trial of medical marijuana for PTSD] sponsored by [[w:Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies]] to start at the Scottsdale Research Institute in Arizona (2016) [https://maps.org/news/bulletin/articles/420-bulletin-spring-2017/6621-research-update-phase-2-clinical-trial-of-marijuana-for-symptoms-of-ptsd-in-u-s-veterans Update on phase 2 of the study] (2017). [https://hightimes.com/news/first-clinical-trial-cannabis-ptsd-veterans-now-complete/ High Times reports the clinical trial completed in 2019] results coming later on.

''' Scientific studies about cannabis and PTSD '''
* [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/05/130514085016.htm 'Brain-imaging study links cannabinoid receptors to post-traumatic stress disorder: First pharmaceutical treatment for PTSD within reach'] (2013) at ScienceDaily.com
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31479625 'The Effectiveness of Cannabinoids in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)'], a 2019 systematic review.

'''Links about medical cannabis for PTSD'''
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/posttraumaticstress.htm Extensive compendium of research about PTSD and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]
* https://www.leafly.com/news/health/cannabis-and-post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd
* https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/Marijuana-May-Cure-PTSD-208900021.html
* [https://www.rxleaf.com/endocannabinoids-treat-ptsd/ 'PTSD Linked to Pre-Existing Endocannabinoid Deficiency'], a 2019 article at RXLeaf.com

----
= SARS and cannabis =
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339746853_Cannabis_Indica_speeds_up_Recovery_from_Coronavirus 'Cannabis Indica speeds up Recovery from Coronavirus'], a 2020 study
----

= Sclerosis =
{{Q|In medicine, '''[[w:sclerosis (medicine)|sclerosis]]'''  is the stiffening of a structure, usually caused by a replacement of the normal organ-specific tissue with [[w:connective tissue|connective tissue]].|Wikipedia|Sclerosis}}

== Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ==
=== Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cannabis ===
Cannabis helps with [[w:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis|Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]] (ALS) also known as Lou Gehrig's disease and motor neurone disease (MND).

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/alsamyotrophiclatera.htm Extensive compendium of research about Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]
== Multiple sclerosis ==
=== Multiple sclerosis (MS) and cannabis ===
Cannabis is very good against [[w:Multiple sclerosis|Multiple sclerosis]]. Prince Charles knew of this way back in 1998<ref name="TheGuardian1998">https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1998/dec/24/monarchy.ameliagentleman</ref>.

''' Scientific articles about MS and cannabis
* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2017.00299/full 'Cannabis and Multiple Sclerosis—The Way Forward' at FrontiersIn.org]

''' Compendiums of knowledge about MS and cannabis '''
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/multiplesclerosis.htm Extensive compendium of research about Multiple sclerosis and cannabis compiled by calgarycmmc.com]

''' Links about MS and cannabis '''
* [http://www.bbhwithms.com/multiple-sclerosis-cannabis-its-all-about-the-terpenes/ 'Multiple Sclerosis & Cannabis: It’s All About The Terpenes'], a 2017 article
* https://herb.co/news/health/marijuana-and-ms
* https://www.learngreenflower.com/articles/440/treating-multiple-sclerosis-with-cannabis

----
= Seizures =
== Seizures and cannabis ==
* https://medium.com/@ahealthycrew/cannabis-oil-replaces-22-pills-for-little-boy-with-seizures-d0b22ea6be09

----
= Strokes =
== Strokes and cannabis ==

* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4348386/ 'Cannabinoids in experimental stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis'], a 2014 meta-review published in the [[w:Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism]]. [https://www.medicaljane.com/2014/12/31/marijuana-may-reduce-brain-damage-caused-by-strokes/ 'Study: Cannabis May Help Reduce Brain Damage Caused By Ischemic Strokes'], an MedicalJane.com article on the study

----
= Traumatic brain injury =
== Traumatic brain injury and cannabis ==
Cannabis can help in healing from TBI

* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2018.00051/full#h7 'Cannabis Therapeutics and the Future of Neurology: Cannabis and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)/Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)'], a 2018 perspective article

----

= Garden =

== Blackberries ==

[[File:Ripe,_ripening,_and_green_blackberries.jpg|right|thumb|240px|Ripe, ripening and raw [[w:blackberries|blackberries]]]]
'''[[w:Blackberries|Blackberries]]''' kill antibiotic resistant [[w:staphylococcus aureus|staphylococcus aureus]] bacteria<ref name="PubMed2017BlacberriesAntibiotic">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28270804</ref>.  Irish teen awarded prize for discovery.<ref name="blackberries1> https://www.hygiene-in-practice.com/publication/student-discovers-blackberry-antibiotic-for-multi-resistant-pathogens/</ref>

'''Uses'''
# [[#Antibiotic blackberries|Antibiotic]]

----

== Boswellia genus - Frankincense ==

[[File:Fiori-Boswellia.jpg|thumb|left|200px|A flowering [[w:Boswellia sacra|Boswellia sacra]] tree]]
'''[[w:Boswellia|Boswellia]]''' is a [[w:genus|genus]] of [[w:tree|tree]]s in the [[w:order (biology)|order]] [[w:Sapindales|Sapindales]], known for their fragrant [[w:resin|resin]]. The biblical incense '''[[w:frankincense]]''' was an extract from the resin of the tree ''[[w:Boswellia sacra|Boswellia sacra]]'', and is now produced also from ''[[w:Boswellia frereana|B. frereana]]''. (Wikipedia)

In vitro studies have found boswellia sacra essential oil to induce [[w:apoptosis]] and to suppress tumor agressiveness in [[#Breast cancer]]<ref name="BoswelliaBreastCancer2011">https://bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6882-11-129 'Boswellia sacra essential oil induces tumor cell-specific apoptosis and suppresses tumor aggressiveness in cultured human breast cancer cells'], a 2011 in vitro study</ref>

''' Medical professional testifies to frankincense oil killing cancer '''

''' Links to articles about frankincense healing ''''

* [https://www.getholistichealth.com/78078/frankincense-outperform-chemo-killing-ovarian-cancer-cells/ 'Frankincense found to outperform chemo in killing Ovarian Cancer cells'] 2019 popular article on GetHolisticHealth.com
* [http://www.emeraldpharms.com/medicinal-plants/holy-smoke-frankincense-and-cannabis-as-medicinal-incense 'Holy Smoke: Frankincense and Cannabis as Medicinal Incense'], an review article at EmeraldPharms.com

----

== Cannabis ==
[[File:Marijuana.jpg|thumb|left|240px|Rare 11-leafer [[w:Cannabis sativa|Cannabis sativa]]]]
[[File:Cannabis sativa 001.JPG|thumb|right|360px|Male [[w:Cannabis sativa|Cannabis sativa]] plants in late flowering stages.]]
Cannabis can be applied to treat a wide assortment of illnesses. In this case it is called [[w:medical cannabis|medical cannabis]]. 

'''Cannabis''' is the oldest and most versatile medicine known to humankind.

'''[[w:Cannabis sativa|Cannabis sativa]]''' and '''[[w:Cannabis indica|Cannabis indica]]''' are the main cannabis variants though most strains are mixes of these. A third cannabis line is the '''[[w:Cannabis ruderalis|Cannabis ruderalis]]''', a rugged northern cannabis that has adapted to flower even under northern long summer days.

=== Cannabis therapeutics ===

Some sources report cannabis useful against

# [[#Alzheimer's and cannabis]] - very strong evidence from in vivo studies
# [[#Autoimmune diseases and cannabis]]
## [[#Rheumatoid arthritis and cannabis]]
## [[#Lupus and cannabis]]
## [[#Coeliac disease and cannabis]]
## [[#Psoriasis and cannabis]]
# [[#Antibiotic cannabis leaves]]
# [[#Asthma and cannabis]] - bronchodialator
# [[#Autism and cannabis]] - many miracle stories
# [[#Cancers and cannabis]] - strong evidence of anti-cancer properties
## [[#Brain cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Breast cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Cervical cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Colon cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Langerhans cell sarcoma and cannabis]]
## [[#Leukemia and cannabis]]
## [[#Lymphoid leukemia and cannabis]]
## [[#Myeloid leukemia and cannabis]]
## [[#Liver cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Lung cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Lymphoma and cannabis]]
## [[#Oral cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Ovarian cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Pancreatic cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Prostate cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Skin cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Melanoma and cannabis]]
## [[#Testicular cancer and cannabis]]
## [[#Thyroid cancer and cannabis]]
# [[#Crohn's disease and cannabis]]
# [[#Epilepsy and cannabis]] - very promising results
# [[#Dravet syndrome and cannabis]]
# [[#Dermatological conditions and cannabis]]
# [[#Migraines and cannabis]]
# [[#Pain and cannabis]]
# [[#Parkinson's disease and cannabis]]
# [[#Non-somatic issues with cannabis]]
## [[#Depression and cannabis]]
## [[#Psychosis and cannabis]]
## [[#PTSD and cannabis]]
# Scleroses
## [[#Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cannabis]]
## [[#Multiple sclerosis (MS) and cannabis]]

# [[#SARS and cannabis]]
# [[#Seizures and cannabis]]
# [[#Strokes and cannabis]]
# [[#Traumatic brain injury and cannabis]]

Due to the inbuilt default to always take the safe route and also to backup the back of your fellow MD colleague the Wikipedia does not yield the right infos on how useful and versatile a medication cannabis is.

Research has been held back by arcane laws even as cannabis is the oldest medicine known to man and it should be gladly appreciated and not outlawed because of big pharma interests. 

==== Medical cannabis research and information organizations ====
* [https://www.cannabis-med.org/ International Association for Cannabinoid Medicines] is also available in German, French, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian
* [http://www.ccic.net/ The Canadian Consortium for the Investigation of Cannabinoids] is a Canadian non-profit organization
* [https://www.cmcr.ucsd.edu/ The Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research] at the [[w:University of California, San Diego|University of California]]
* [https://www.medicinalcannabis.nsw.gov.au/ Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research and Innovation] by the govt of [[w:New South Wales|New South Wales]]

==== External links about cannabis as medicine ====
* http://www.calgarycmmc.com/ a large compendium on medical cannabis sorted alphabetically by ailment.
* http://www.cannabisconnections.tk/2018/03/700-medicinal-uses-of-cannabis-sorted.html
* http://expand-your-consciousness.com/100-scientific-studies-agree-cannabis-annihilates-cancer/ about 100 nih.gov studies linked some cases briefly described.
* https://healer.com/ - a website by Dr. Dustin Sulak D.O. - a renowned integrative medicine physician based in Maine, whose practice balances the principles of osteopathy, mind-body medicine and medical cannabis. 
* [https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/medical-marijuana-2018011513085 Harvard Health Blog article on medical cannabis] is naturally very reserved about not raising too much hopes
* [https://www.learngreenflower.com/articles/574/medical-uses-of-cannabis 71 medical uses of cannabis compiled by LearnGreenFlower.com]
* http://medicalcannabisreport.com/700-medicinal-uses-of-cannabis-sorted-by-disease/ (.pdf from 2012 downloadable from the linked page)
* https://www.rxleaf.com/clinical-research-into-cannabis-for-cancer-has-never-been-better/

==== Literature about cannabis as a medicine ====
* [https://bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/14765381/2011/163/7 BPJ Volume 163, Issue 7 - 'Special Issue:Cannabinoids in Biology and Medicine, Part I.'] a 2011 special issue of [[w:British Journal of Pharmacology]].
* [https://bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/14765381/176/10 'Special Issue: Themed Section 8th European Workshop on Cannabinoid Research'], Volume 176, Issue 10 of the British Journal of Pharmacology.
* [https://www.nap.edu/read/9586/chapter/1 MARIJUANA AS MEDICINE? - The Science Beyond the Controversy (full book online)], a somewhat skeptical and reserved book published in 2000 that you can read online from The National Academies Press.
* [http://rxmarijuana.com/excerpts.htm MARIHUANA: THE FORBIDDEN MEDICINE (excerpts from the book online)], a 1997 book by Lester Grinspoon, M.D and James Bakalar, J.D
* [https://www.intechopen.com/books/recent-advances-in-cannabinoid-research 'Recent Advances in Cannabinoid Research'], a 2019 open access peer-reviewed edited volume (available online and in hard copy)
----

==== Anecdotal testimonies about medical cannabis ====
* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/anecdotal.htm Anecdotal testimonies on medical cannabis at calgarymmc.com]
* [http://rxmarijuana.com/comments_and_observations.htm Anecdotal testimonies on medical cannabis at rxmarijuana.com]

=== The endocannabinoid system ===
''' Main article in wikipedia [[w:Endocannabinoid system|Endocannabinoid system]]'''

Endocannabinoids are synthesized by our own bodies from '''[[w:Arachidonic acid|Arachidonic acid]]''', an essential [[w:Polyunsaturated fat|polyunsaturated]] [[w:Omega-6 fatty acid|Omega-6 fatty acid]]<ref name=wakeup-world-com>https://wakeup-world.com/2014/09/08/the-endocannabinoid-system-and-how-thc-cures-cancer/</ref>. 

'''Scientific articles about the endocannabinoid system'''
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23551849/ 'Modulating the endocannabinoid system in human health and disease--successes and failures'], a 2013 scientific article
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3951193/ 'Care and Feeding of the Endocannabinoid System: A Systematic Review of Potential Clinical Interventions that Upregulate the Endocannabinoid System'], a 2014 article
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3677644/ 'Fatty Acid Modulation of the Endocannabinoid System and the Effect on Food Intake and Metabolism'], a 2013 article
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5685274/ 'The endocannabinoid system in pain and inflammation: Its relevance to rheumatic disease'], a 2017 article
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5042796/ 'Endocannabinoid system: Role in depression, reward and pain control' (Review)], a 2016 article
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3951193/ 'Care and Feeding of the Endocannabinoid System: A Systematic Review of Potential Clinical Interventions that Upregulate the Endocannabinoid System'], a 2014 systematic review
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3677644/ 'Fatty Acid Modulation of the Endocannabinoid System and the Effect on Food Intake and Metabolism'], a 2013 study
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5685274/ 'The endocannabinoid system in pain and inflammation: Its relevance to rheumatic disease'], a 2017 article
* [http://www.neuronalsignaling.org/content/2/4/NS20170144 'Potential for endocannabinoid system modulation in ocular pain and inflammation: filling the gaps in current pharmacological options'], a 2018 article
* [https://www.intechopen.com/books/cannabinoids-in-health-and-disease/dietary-omega-6-omega-3-and-endocannabinoids-implications-for-brain-health-and-diseases 'Dietary Omega-6/Omega-3 and Endocannabinoids: Implications for Brain Health and Diseases'], a 2016 peer-reviewed chapter.
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/42369817_Endocannabinoids_and_pregnancy 'Endocannabinoids and pregnancy'], a 2010 literature review
* [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190206115550.htm 'Endocannabinoid system, a target to improve cognitive disorders in models of Down syndrome'], a 2019 animal model study found downregulating CB1 receptors beneficial for the mice.
* [https://www.jyi.org/2018-june/2018/6/1/the-endocannabinoid-system-our-universal-regulator 'The Endocannabinoid System, Our Universal Regulator'], a 2018 undergraduate research paper published in the Journal of Young Investigators

''' Articles about the endocannabinoid system '''

* [https://norml.org/library/item/introduction-to-the-endocannabinoid-system 'Introduction to the Endocannabinoid System'] at [[w:National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws|NORML]] (.org)
* [https://www.medicinalgenomics.com/endocannabinoid-basics/ 'Endocannabinoid Basics' at MedicinalGenomics.com]
* [https://hempedification.wordpress.com/2016/08/06/how-and-why-your-brain-makes-its-own-cannabinoids/ 'How and Why Your Brain Makes its Own Cannabinoids'], a 2016 article by Hemp Edification blog
* [https://hempedification.wordpress.com/2017/08/05/endocannabinoids-beyond-the-brain/ Endocannabinoids – Beyond the Brain]  is a good 2017 article on the Hemp Edification blog] adapted from [https://www.the-scientist.com/features/your-body-is-teeming-with-weed-receptors-31233 Your Body Is Teeming with Weed Receptors, a 2017 article on the website the-scientist.com] and [https://www.the-scientist.com/multimedia/endocannabinoids-in-the-groove-31240 Endocannabinoids in the Groove, a 2017 article on the website the-scientist.com]
* http://profofpot.com/endocannabinoid-receptors/
==== The endocannabinoid receptors ==== 

[[File:Stock-vector-human-endocannabinoid-system-target-active-in-male-and-female-body-1237262152.jpg|thumb|right|520px|Prevalence of endocannabinoid receptors in the human body. Photo credit: [https://www.shutterstock.com/g/Thanasp ThanasStudio]]]

Human body contains 2 types of endocannabinoid [[w:Cannabinoid receptor|receptors]] [[w:Cannabinoid receptor type 1|CB<sub>1</sub>]] and [[w:Cannabinoid receptor type 2|CB<sub>2</sub>]], but cannabinoids have interactions also on some other receptors.

===== CB<sub>1</sub> receptors =====
CB<sub>1</sub> receptors predominantly located in the nervous system, connective tissues, gonads, glands, and organs<ref name=p4mm>https://patients4medicalmarijuana.wordpress.com/2017/07/06/how-and-why-your-brain-makes-its-own-cannabinoids/</ref>.

===== CB<sub>2</sub> receptors =====
CB<sub>2</sub> receptors, primarily found in the immune system and also present in the spleen, liver, heart, kidneys, bones, blood vessels, lymph cells, endocrine glands, and reproductive organs<ref name=p4mm/>.

==== Endocannabinoids ====
[[File:Anandamid.svg|thumb|200px|[[w:Anandamide|Anandamide]], an endogenous [[w:ligand|ligand]] of CB<sub>1</sub> and CB<sub>2</sub>]]

The two main endocannabinoids are Anandamide and 2-AG.

===== Anandamide =====

[[w:Anandamide|Anandamide]] was discovered in 1992 and it binds to both CB<sub>1</sub> and CB<sub>2</sub> receptors. The name comes from the [[w:Sanskrit|Sanskrit]] word 'Ananda' meaning 'bliss' and [[w:amide|amide]] from its chemistry. 

It has been referred to as the endocannabinoid version of THC.

'''Synthesis''' of '''Anandamide''': Arachidonic acid -> Phosphatidylethanolamide + N-[[w:Acyltransferase|Acyltransferase]] -> N-arachidonoyl phosphatidylethanolamine + [[w:Phospholipase D|Phospholipase D]] -> [[w:Anandamide|Anandamide]]<ref name="EJR2017">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5685274/</ref>

* [https://herb.co/marijuana/news/anandamide-aea Herb.co on Anandamide]

===== 2-AG =====
[[File:2-Ara-Gl.svg|thumb|right|200px|2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous [[w:agonist|agonist]] of the [[w:CB1 receptor|CB<sub>1</sub> receptor]].]]
[[w:2-Arachidonoylglycerol|2-Arachidonoylglycerol]] aka. 2-AG was discovered in 1994-1995.

'''Synthesis''' of '''2-AG''': Arachidonic acid -> [[w:Phosphatidylinositol|Phosphatidylinositol]] + [[w:Phospholipase C|Phospholipase C]]s -> [[w:Diacylglycerol]] + Diacylglycerol lipase -> [[w:2-AG|2-AG]]<ref name="EJR2017"/>

===== N-Arachidonoyl dopamine =====
[[w:N-Arachidonoyl dopamine|N-Arachidonoyl dopamine]] discovered in 2000.

===== 2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether =====
[[w:2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether|2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether]] discovered in 2001.

===== Virodhamine =====
[[w:Virodhamine|Virodhamine]] discovered in 2002

===== Lysophosphatidylinositol =====
[[w:Lysophosphatidylinositol|Lysophosphatidylinositol]] is a contender to be the 6th endocannabinoid.


----

=== Phytocannabinoids ===
[[File:Cannabis indica.jpg|thumb|left|360px|Female [[w:Cannabis indica|Cannabis indica]] plants. These are often good for pain relief producing a nice body stone.]]

Many people may know the 2 most prevalent phytocannabinoids, [[w:THC|THC]] and [[w:Cannabidiol|CBD]].

''' Studies about phytocannabinoids '''
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19729208 'Non-psychotropic plant cannabinoids: new therapeutic opportunities from an ancient herb.'], a 2009 article

* [https://www.intechopen.com/books/recent-advances-in-cannabinoid-research/the-united-chemicals-of-cannabis-beneficial-effects-of-cannabis-phytochemicals-on-the-brain-and-cogn 'The United Chemicals of Cannabis: Beneficial Effects of Cannabis Phytochemicals on the Brain and Cognition'], a 2018 open-access peer-reviewed chapter in Recent Advances in Cannabinoid Research

''' Links about phytocannabinoids '''
* [https://hightimes.com/guides/cannabinoids/ High Times article on cannabinoids] 
* [https://www.hempgazette.com/medical-cannabis/cannabinoids-list/ HempGazette big list of cannabis cannabinoids]. Sourced from <ref name="Brenneisen2007">https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-59259-947-9_2</ref>

'''List of known phytocannabinoids from [[w:Cannabinoid#Phytocannabinoids|Wikipedia]]''':
*[[#THC|THC]]   ([[w:Tetrahydrocannabinol|Tetrahydrocannabinol]])
*[[#THCA|THCA]]  ([[w:Tetrahydrocannbinolic acid|Tetrahydrocannbinolic acid]])
*[[#CBD|CBD]]   ([[w:Cannabidiol|Cannabidiol]])
*[[#CBDA|CBDA]]  (Cannabidiolic Acid)
* [[#CBN|CBN]]  ([[w:Cannabinol|Cannabinol]])
* [[#CBG|CBG]]  ([[w:Cannabigerol|Cannabigerol]])
* [[#CBC|CBC]]  ([[w:Cannabichromene|Cannabichromene]])
* [[#CBL|CBL]]  ([[w:Cannabicyclol|Cannabicyclol]])
* [[#CBV|CBV]]  ([[w:Cannabivarin|Cannabivarin]])
* [[#THCV|THCV]] ([[w:Tetrahydrocannabivarin|Tetrahydrocannabivarin]])
* [[#CBDV|CBDV]] ([[w:Cannabidivarin|Cannabidivarin]])
* [[#CBCV|CBCV]] (Cannabichromevarin)
* [[#CBGV|CBGV]] (Cannabigerovarin)
* [[#CBGM|CBGM]] (Cannabigerol Monomethyl Ether)
* [[#CBE|CBE]] (Cannabielsoin)
* [[#CBT|CBT]] (Cannabicitran)

==== THC ====
[[File:Tetrahydrocannabinol.svg|thumb|right|200px|[[w:Tetrahydrocannabinol|Tetrahydrocannabinol]] is a partial [[w:agonist|agonist]] of [[w:Cannabinoid receptor type 1|CB<sub>1</sub>]] located mainly in the [[w:central nervous system|central nervous system]], and the [[w:Cannabinoid receptor type 2|CB<sub>2</sub>]] receptor mainly expressed in cells of the [[w:immune system|immune system]].]]

[[w:Tetrahydrocannabinol|Tetrahydrocannabinol]] was found in 1964<ref name="enwiki_thc">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol</ref> and it is the main psychoactive compound that brings the 'high' most recreational users are chasing.

* [https://hightimes.com/health/science/thc-tetrahydrocannabinol/ Hightimes in-depth article on THC]
* [https://hightimes.com/culture/therapeutic-benefits-dabbing-delta-8-thc/ Hightimes article on Delta-8 THC]

==== THCA ====
[[w:Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid|Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid]] THCA is the what cannabis plants produce to fend off insects from harming it. In pure form THCA is a clear translucent crystalline of white color.

THC is produced from the raw THCA by a process called decarboxylation. Basically means to heat the stuff over certain temperature. 

THCA found in raw marijuana apparently has some health enhancing properties. The issue is being researched.

* https://herb.co/news/health/raw-weed-benefits/
* https://herb.co/learn/eat-raw-weed-marijuana/
* https://thefreshtoast.com/cannabis/marijuanas-thc-a-as-an-anti-inflammatory-and-neuro-protectant/

==== CBD ====
[[File:Cannabidiol.svg|thumb|left|200px|[[w:Cannabidiol|Cannabidiol]] has very low [[w:affinity (pharmacology)|affinity]] for the [[w:cannabinoid receptor|cannabinoid]] [[w:Cannabinoid receptor type 1|CB<sub>1</sub>]] and [[w:Cannabinoid receptor type 2|CB<sub>2</sub>]] receptors  receptors but acts as an indirect [[w:receptor antagonist|antagonist]] of cannabinoid [[w:agonist|agonist]]s.]]

[[File:Stock-vector-hemp-cbd-wellness-and-your-body-health-benefits-of-cannabidiol-cbd-from-cannabis-hemp-marijuana-1266680014.jpg|thumb|right|540px|Health benefits of CBD. Photo credit: [https://www.shutterstock.com/g/Thanasp ThanasStudio]]]

[[w:Cannabidiol|Cannabidiol]] was isolated and identified from Cannabis sativa in 1940<ref name="enwiki_thc"/>. CBD is not psychoactive and it has the most medical applications of all phytocannabinoids.

{{Q|Cannabidiol has little affinity for [[w:Cannabinoid receptor#CB1|CB<sub>1</sub>]] and [[w:Cannabinoid receptor#CB2|CB<sub>2</sub>]] receptors but acts as an indirect [[w:Receptor antagonist|antagonist]] of cannabinoid [[w:agonist|agonist]]s.<ref name="recentadvances">{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/cbdv.200790147 |title=Cannabidiol – Recent Advances |year=2007 |last1=Mechoulam |first1=Raphael |last2=Peters |first2=Maximilian |last3=Murillo-Rodriguez |first3=Eric |last4=Hanuš |first4=Lumír O. |journal=Chemistry & Biodiversity |volume=4 |issue=8 |pages=1678–92 |pmid=17712814}}</ref>|Wikipedia|[[w:Cannabinoid#Cannabidiol|Cannabidiol]]}}

* [https://hightimes.com/health/cannabidiol-cbd/ Hightimes in detail piece on CBD]
* [https://www.leafly.com/news/strains-products/what-cannabis-strains-are-high-in-cbd Leafly lists strains high in CBD]
* [https://www.marijuanabreak.com/best-cbd-oils-pain-relief Piece on CBD as anti-pain agent (contains ads)]
* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278584618308340?via%3Dihub 'Cannabidiol attenuates aggressive behavior induced by social isolation in mice: Involvement of 5-HT1A and CB1 receptors'], a 2019 study published in the [[w:Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry]]. Cannabidiol effects were mediated by CB1 and 5-HT1A receptors.
* [http://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/5.2_CBD.pdf WHO preliminary report on CBD]

==== CBDA ====
Cannabidiolic Acid is the raw form. Decarboxylating CBDA yields CBD.

* https://herb.co/learn/cbda/

==== CBN ====  
[[w:Cannabinol|Cannabinol]] is a sleeping aid and has also other therapeutic qualities.

* https://www.leafly.com/news/science-tech/what-is-cbn-and-what-are-the-benefits-of-this-cannabinoid
* https://www.massroots.com/learn/cannabinol-cbn-cannabinoid/
* https://www.medicaljane.com/2013/08/19/cannabinol-cbn-will-put-you-to-bed/

==== CBG ==== 
[[w:Cannabigerol|Cannabigerol]] 

{{Q|Cannabigerol has been shown to promote [[w:apoptosis|apoptosis]] in cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth in mice. It acts as an [[w:a2-adrenergic receptor|α<sub>2</sub>-adrenergic receptor]] agonist, [[w:5-HT1A receptor|5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptor]] antagonist, and CB<sub>1</sub> receptor antagonist.<ref name="pmid20002104">{{cite journal|doi=10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00515.x |title=Evidence that the plant cannabinoid cannabigerol is a highly potent α2-adrenoceptor agonist and moderately potent 5HT1A receptor antagonist |year=2010 |last1=Cascio |first1=MG |last2=Gauson |first2=LA |last3=Stevenson |first3=LA |last4=Ross |first4=RA |last5=Pertwee |first5=RG |journal=British Journal of Pharmacology |volume=159 |pages=129–41 |pmid=20002104 |issue=1 |pmc=2823359}}</ref> It also binds to the CB<sub>2</sub> receptor.<ref name="pmid20002104" />|Wikipedia|[[w:Cannabinoid#Cannabigerol|Cannabigerol]]}}

''' Links about CBG '''
* https://comparecbd.com/cbg/

==== CBC ==== 
[[w:Cannabichromene|Cannabichromene]]

==== CBL ==== 
[[w:Cannabicyclol|Cannabicyclol]]

==== CBV ==== 
[[w:Cannabivarin|Cannabivarin]]

==== THCV ==== 
[[w:Tetrahydrocannabivarin|Tetrahydrocannabivarin]] can be used to inhibit appetite.

''' Links about THCV '''
* http://herb.co/2017/04/14/tetrahydrocannabivarin-thcv/

==== CBDV ====
[[w:Cannabidivarin|Cannabidivarin]]

==== CBCV ====
Cannabichromevarin

==== CBGV ====
Cannabigerovarin

==== CBGM ====
Cannabigerol Monomethyl Ether

==== CBE ====
Cannabielsoin

==== CBT ==== 
Cannabicitran

----

=== Making cannabinoids with yeasts ===
Scientists have figured out how to splice the DNA of yeasts, so that they produce cannabinoids.<ref name="GlobalHealthTimes2019">http://globalhealthtimes.com/2019/03/06/scientists-are-making-thc-and-cbd-in-a-lab-without-growing/</ref>

----

=== Cannflavins ===
'''[[w:Cannflavin|Cannaflavins]]''' '''A''' and '''B''' are very potent anti-inflammatory agents and thus help lessen the pain sensation originating from inflammation.

''' Scientific articles about cannflavins '''
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31151063 'Biosynthesis of cannflavins A and B from Cannabis sativa L.'], published in 2019 in [[w:Phytochemistry (journal)|Phytochemistry]] found results that imply the following reaction sequence for cannflavins A and B biosynthesis: [[w:luteolin|luteolin]] ► [[w:chrysoeriol|chrysoeriol]] ► cannflavin A and cannflavin B.

''' Links about cannflavins '''
* https://www.inverse.com/article/58027-cannflavins-a-and-b-in-cannabis-anti-inflammatory
----

=== Terpenes in cannabis ===

'''Terpenes''' are a large and diverse [[w:Organic chemistry#Classification of organic compounds|class]] of [[w:organic compound|organic compound]]s, produced by a variety of [[w:plant|plant]]s, particularly [[w:Pinophyta|conifers]], and by some [[w:insect]]s.<ref name=book>{{cite book|title=Terpenes: Flavors, Fragrances, Pharmaca, Pheromones|author=Eberhard Breitmaier|year= 2006|isbn=9783527609949 |doi=10.1002/9783527609949|publisher=Wiley-VCH}}</ref>

'''Links about terpenes found in cannabis'''
* [http://www.bbhwithms.com/multiple-sclerosis-cannabis-its-all-about-the-terpenes/ 'Multiple Sclerosis & Cannabis: It’s All About The Terpenes'], a 2017 article
* [https://cannacon.org/15-terpenes-cannabis-explained/ '15 terpenes in cannabis explained'], a 2018 article by CannaCon.org
* [https://www.fundacion-canna.es/en/terpenes 'Terpenes' by Fundación CANNA], a non-profit organization dedicated to scientific studies and cannabis testing
* [http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2019/mar/01/why-terpenes/ 'Why terpenes are becoming more important than THC'], a 2019 articleon the Spokesman.com

----

=== Synthetic cannabinoids ===
'''[[w:Synthetic cannabinoids|Synthetic cannabinoids]]''' are a class of molecules that [[w:Binding affinity|bind]] to [[w:cannabinoid receptor|cannabinoid receptor]]s in the body — the same receptors to which [[w:Tetrahydrocannabinol|THC]] and [[w:Cannabidiol|CBD]] attach – which are [[w:cannabinoid|cannabinoid]]s in [[w:cannabis|cannabis]] plants. (Wikipedia)

'''Word of caution''': Many synthetic cannabinoids are '''dangerous''' and should not be administered by others than medical professionals.

* [[w:List of designer drugs#Synthetic cannabinoids|List of synthetic cannabinoids on Wikipedia]]
* [[w:Structural scheduling of synthetic cannabinoids|Structural scheduling of synthetic cannabinoids on Wikipedia]]

''' Links about synthetic cannabinoids '''

* [https://www.calgarycmmc.com/acea.htm CalgaryMMC.com lists ACEA] so this isn't one is probably not one of the harmful ones 

'''[[w:Arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide|Arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide]]''' (ACEA) is a synthetic agonist of the [[w:Cannabinoid receptor type 1|CB<sub>1</sub>]] receptor. (Wikipedia)

=== Other plants that contain compounds that are active in cannabinoid receptors ===
# '''[[w:Echinacea|Echinacea]]''' contains N-alkyl[[w:amide|amide]]s, that function via cannabimemetics to provide immune-boosting and is also used to relieve anxiety, fatigue, migraines and arthritis.<ref name="LLF2018">https://livelovefruit.com/8-non-marijuana-plants-contain-cannabinoids/</ref>
# '''[[w:Black pepper|Black pepper]]''' contains high levels of the [[w:terpene|terpene]] called [[w:Caryophyllene|β-caryophyllene]] (BCP). BCP functions as a cannabinoid, and has a binding affinity with the CB<sub>2</sub> receptor.<ref name="LLF2018"/>
# '''[[w:Flax|Flax]]''' (linen) seeds produce cannabinoid-like compounds very similar to CBD.<ref name="LLF2018"/>
# '''[[w:Cocoa bean|Cacao]]''' contains lots of magnesium, but also "happy-brain" chemicals like [[w:theobromine|theobromine]], [[w:phenethylamine|phenethylamine]], [[w:tryptophan|tryptophan]], and [[w:anandamide|anandamide]]. Cacao affects the endocannabinoid system by deactivating the enzyme called [[w:FAAH|FAAH]]. This enzyme breaks down the endocannabinoid known as anandamide.<ref name="LLF2018"/>
# '''[[w:Tuber melanosporum|Black truffle]]s''' contain anandamide.<ref name="LLF2018"/>
# '''[[w:Helichrysum|Helichrysum]] umbraculigerum''' contains cannabigerol (CBG).<ref name="LLF2018"/>
# '''[[w:Rhododendron|Rhododendron]] anthopogonoides''' (Chinese Labrador) contains anthopogocyclolic acid and anthopogochromenic acid and five related compounds known as synthetic analogues of cannabinoids: [[w:cannabichromene|cannabichromene]] (CBC) type, [[w:cannabicyclol|cannabicyclol]] (CBL) type and cannabicitran (CBT) type, have been isolated together with geranyl orsellinic acid. <ref name="LLF2018"/>
#'''[[w:Marchantiophyta|Liverwort]]''' contains [[w:Perrottetinene|Perrottetinene]], a cannabinoid similar to THC.<ref name="NewsweekLiverwort2018">https://www.newsweek.com/medical-marijuana-moss-plant-acts-thc-cannabis-1184661</ref><ref name="LLF2018"/>

* https://herb.co/learn/non-marijuana-plants-contain-cannabinoids/
* https://livelovefruit.com/8-non-marijuana-plants-contain-cannabinoids/
* https://www.marijuana.com/news/2017/05/9-plants-that-contain-therapeutic-cannabinoids/

== Administering cannabis ==

There are various other ways to administer cannabis methods besides smoking it:
 
=== Vaping cannabis ===
[[File:Shatter marijuana concentrate.jpg|thumb|right|240px|[[w:Cannabis concentrate|Cannabis concentrate]] known as "shatter"]]
* '''Vaping''' (short for vaporizing), a method where the plant material is heated hot enough for the cannabinoids to become gaseous but cold enough that the plant matter does not combust and thus '''avoiding the carcinogens''' that come from burning the plant matter. Vaping is also the preferred method to consume '''[[w:Cannabis concentrate|concentrates]]'''.

''' Links '''
* https://herb.co/learn/changing-vaporizer-temperature-affects-high/

----

=== Oral cannabis ===
[[File:Drug bottle containing cannabis.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Bottle of [[w:tincture of cannabis|cannabis tincture]]]]
* '''[[w:Cannabis edible|Edibles]]''', '''[[w:Tincture of cannabis|tinctures]]''' and '''[[w:Hash oil|cannabis oil]]''' may be administered orally. Cannabinoids are soluble to alcohol and to fat and cannabis can be infused into many forms of edibles, but the problem is with efficiency as your stomach acids will destroy a lot of the cannabinoids. 

''' Links '''
* [https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/edible-marijuana-candy-bars-201503127791 Harvard Health Blog on edibles]
* [https://tonic.vice.com/en_us/article/bj5mza/edible-high-vs-smoke-highWhy Do Edibles Give You A Different High Than Smoking? article at tonic.vice.com]
* [https://herb.co/learn/cannabis-tinctures/ Herb.co article on cannabis tinctures]
* [https://herb.co/guides/best-medical-cannabis-oil/ Herb.co guide to making cannabis oil] ('''word of caution''': the procedure is dangerous as there are '''risks of explosion''' if done wrong, so don't be toasted outta it if and when you decide to make cannabis oil)

----

=== Rectal cannabis ===
* '''Rectal''' - some doctors recommend taking cannabis rectally as this is method of administering allows you to take very large doses efficiently.<ref name="HighTimes2017Rectal">https://hightimes.com/health/science/doctors-orders-put-marijuana-in-your-butt-dont-smoke-it/</ref>

''' Links '''
* https://hightimes.com/health/science/doctors-orders-put-marijuana-in-your-butt-dont-smoke-it/
* https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2017/03/05/rectal-marijuana_n_15178784.html
* https://inhalemd.com/massachusetts-medical-cannabis-guide/how-to-make-cannabis-suppositories-at-home/
* https://www.leafly.com/news/health/dont-laugh-rectal-suppositories-future-medicinal-cannabis
* https://www.medicaldaily.com/rectal-medical-marijuana-effective-safer-smoking-weed-suppository-wont-be-413077
* https://www.rxleaf.com/tush-kush-what-you-need-to-know-about-suppositories

----

=== Topical cannabis ===
* '''Topicals''' - for some skin affecting conditions this is a good way to administer the medicine. Many skin condition sufferers praise the combination of cannabis and coconut oil to make a topical to apply to the affected skin.

----
=== Naval cannabis ===
Right under the belly button there is a gland called Pechoti, which some say is a very good way to administer medical cannabis. Naval administration of medicine is a method used by the ancient [[w:Ayurveda|Ayurvedic medicine]].

''' Links '''
* https://canna-lance.com/2018/08/27/did-you-know-you-could-consume-cannabis-like-this/
* https://www.portlandmercury.com/blogtown/2019/07/17/26809203/a-new-way-to-consume-cannabis-through-your-belly-button
----
----

== Dandelion ==
[[File:DandelionFlower.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A dandelion flower]]
'''[[w:Taraxacum|Dandelion]]''' root concentrates found effective against several cancers.

[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project] at [[w:University of Windsor|University of Windsor]], [[w:Ontario|Ontario]] has studied dandelion root since 2009 and they state on on their website:

{{Q|Since the commencement of this project, we have been able to successfully assess the effect of a simple water extract of dandelion root in various human cancer cell types, in the lab and we have observed its effectiveness against human [[w:Lymphoid_leukemia#T-cell_leukemias|T cell leukemia]], [[w:chronic myelomonocytic leukemia|chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]], [[w:pancreatic cancer|pancreatic]] and [[w:colon cancer|colon cancer]]s, with no toxicity to non-cancer cells. Furthermore, these efficacy studies have been confirmed in animal models (mice) that have been transplanted with human colon cancer cells.<ref name="DandelionRootProject">http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/</ref>|[http://www.uwindsor.ca/dandelionrootproject/ The Dandelion Root Project]|anti-cancer properties of dandelion root water extract}}

* [[#T cell leukemia and dandelion root]]
* [[#Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and dandelion root]]
* [[#Pancreatic cancer and dandelion root]]
* [[#Colon cancer and dandelion root]]

''' Scientific studies about dandelion root and cancers '''
* [[#Prostate cancer and dandelion root]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18425335 'Evaluation of aqueous extracts of Taraxacum officinale on growth and invasion of breast and prostate cancer cells'], a 2008 study
* [[#Melanoma and dandelion root]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21234313 'The efficacy of dandelion root extract in inducing apoptosis in drug-resistant human melanoma cells.'], a 2010 study
* [[#Pancreatic cancer and dandelion root]][https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22647733 'Selective induction of apoptosis and autophagy through treatment with dandelion root extract in human pancreatic cancer cells.'], a 2010 study

''' Summary of known dandelion health benefits '''
* https://livelovefruit.com/health-benefits-of-dandelion/

''' Links about dandelion and cancers '''
* [https://www.getholistichealth.com/79015/dandelion-root-kill-melanoma-leukemia/ Dandelion root ‘found to kill’ chemo-resistant melanoma and leukemia] a 2019 article at GetHolisticHealth.com chemo-resistant melanoma and leukemia.<ref name="GetHolisticHealthDandelion2019">https://www.getholistichealth.com/79015/dandelion-root-kill-melanoma-leukemia/</ref>
----

== Elderberries ==
[[File:Sambucus-berries.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Elderberries]]
'''Elderberries''' (or Elder) belong to the genus '''[[w:Sambucus]]''' and may be useful for various kinds of flu.

'''Uses'''
# [[#Common cough and elderberries]]

----

== Ginger ==
[[File:Ginger Plant vs.jpg|thumb|left|260px|[[w:Ginger|Ginger]] plant]]
'''[[w:Ginger|Ginger]]''' (''Zingiber officinale'') is a [[w:flowering plant|flowering plant]] whose [[w:rhizome|rhizome]], '''ginger root''' or ginger, is widely used as a [[w:spice|spice]] and a [[w:folk medicine|folk medicine]].<ref name=WikipediaGinger2019-11">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ginger&oldid=925126238</ref>

Ginger is in the [[w:family (taxonomy)|family]] [[w:Zingiberaceae|Zingiberaceae]], which also includes [[w:turmeric|turmeric]] (''Curcuma longa''), [[w:cardamom|cardamom]] (''Elettaria cardamomum''), and [[w:galangal|galangal]].<ref name=WikipediaGinger2019-11"/>


{{Q|Gingerol has been investigated [[w:in vitro]] for its effect on cancerous tumors of the bowel,<ref name=""BBCGinger2003">

{{cite news 
|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3221547.stm 
|date=October 29, 2003 
|title=Ginger 'could halt bowel cancer' 
|publisher=[[w:BBC News]]
}}</ref><ref name="GingerolColonCancer2009">

{{cite journal 
|last1=Jeong 
|first1=C.-H. 
|last2=Bode 
|first2=A. M. 
|last3=Pugliese 
|first3=A. 
|last4=Cho 
|first4=Y.-Y. 
|last5=Kim 
|first5=H.-G. 
|last6=Shim 
|first6=J.-H. 
|last7=Jeon 
|first7=Y.-J. 
|last8=Li 
|first8=H. 
|last9=Jiang 
|first9=H. 
|last10=Dong 
|first10=Z. 
|title=[6]-Gingerol Suppresses Colon Cancer Growth by Targeting Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase 
|journal=Cancer Research 
|volume=69 
|issue=13 
|pages=5584–91 
|year=2009 
|pmid=19531649 
|doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-0491|display-authors=8 
}}</ref> breast tissue,<ref name="BreastCancerGingerol2008">

{{cite journal 
|last1=Lee 
|first1=H 
|last2=Seo 
|first2=E 
|last3=Kang 
|first3=N 
|last4=Kim 
|first4=W 
|title=[6&#93;-Gingerol inhibits metastasis of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells 
|journal=The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 
|volume=19 
|issue=5 
|pages=313–9 
|year=2008 
|pmid=17683926 
|doi=10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.05.008
}}</ref> ovaries,<ref name="OvarianCancerGinger2007">

{{cite journal 
|last1=Rhode 
|first1=Jennifer 
|last2=Fogoros 
|first2=Sarah 
|last3=Zick 
|first3=Suzanna 
|last4=Wahl 
|first4=Heather 
|last5=Griffith 
|first5=Kent A 
|last6=Huang 
|first6=Jennifer 
|last7=Liu 
|first7=J Rebecca 
|title=Ginger inhibits cell growth and modulates angiogenic factors in ovarian cancer cells 
|journal=BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 
|volume=7 
|pages=44 
|year=2007 
|pmid=18096028 
|pmc=2241638 
|doi=10.1186/1472-6882-7-44
}}</ref> and pancreas,<ref name=PancreasCancerGinger2006">

{{cite journal 
|last1=Park 
|first1=Yon Jung 
|last2=Wen 
|first2=Jing 
|last3=Bang 
|first3=Seungmin 
|last4=Park 
|first4=Seung Woo 
|last5=Song 
|first5=Si Young 
|title=[6&#93;-Gingerol Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Death of Mutant p53-expressing Pancreatic Cancer Cells 
|journal=Yonsei Medical Journal 
|volume=47 
|issue=5 
|pages=688–97 
|year=2006 
|pmid=17066513 
|pmc=2687755 
|doi=10.3349/ymj.2006.47.5.688
}}</ref> with positive results.|Wikipedia|[[w:Gingerol|Gingerol]]  as of 2019-11}}

''' Links about ginger '''
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284103333_Comparison_of_different_drying_methods_on_Chinese_ginger_Zingiberofficinale_Roscoe_Changes_in_volatiles_chemical_profile_antioxidant_properties_and_microstructure 'Comparison of different drying methods on Chinese ginger (Zingiberofficinale Roscoe): Changes in volatiles, chemical profile, antioxidant properties, and microstructure'], a 2015 study
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328491516_6-gingerol_content_of_ginger_Zingiber_officinale_Roscoe_by_different_drying_metthods '6-gingerol content of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) by different drying methods'], a 2018 study presented at the 2018 International Congress on Botanical research in Tropical Asia

=== Chemistry of ginger ===
The characteristic fragrance and flavor of ginger result from [[w:volatility (chemistry)|volatile]] [[w:essential oil|oils]] that compose 1-3% of the weight of fresh ginger, primarily consisting of [[w:zingerone|zingerone]], [[w:shogao|l]]s, and [[w:gingerol|gingerol]]s with [6]-gingerol (1-[4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-3-decanone) as the major pungent compound.<ref name="an">{{cite journal|displayauthors=3|vauthors=An K, Zhao D, Wang Z, Wu J, Xu Y, Xiao G|year=2016|title=Comparison of different drying methods on Chinese ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): Changes in volatiles, chemical profile, antioxidant properties, and microstructure|url=|journal=[[Food Chemistry (journal)|Food Chem.]]|volume=197|issue=Part B|pages=1292–300|doi=10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.033|pmid=26675871|via=}}</ref> Zingerone is produced from gingerols during drying, having lower pungency and a spicy-sweet aroma.<ref name=an/> Shagoals are more pungent and have higher antioxidant activity but not found in raw ginger, but is formed from gingerols during heating, storage or via acidity.<ref name=an/><ref name="WikipediaGinger-Chemistry-2019-11">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginger#Chemistry</ref>

Fresh ginger also contains an enzyme [[w:zingibain|zingibain]] which is a [[w:cysteine protease|cysteine protease]] and has similar properties to [[w:rennet|rennet]].<ref name="WikipediaGinger-Chemistry-2019-11"/>

[[File:Gingembre.jpg|thumb|right|260px|Ginger [[w:rhizome|rhizome]] (root)]]

[https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/11-proven-benefits-of-ginger 11 health benefits of ginger at healthline.com (with sources)]
# [[w:Ginger|Ginger]] contains [[w:Gingerol]], a substance with powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.<ref name="healthline-ginger2017">https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/11-proven-benefits-of-ginger</ref>
# Ginger can treat many forms of nausea, especially morning sickness and chemo-induced nausea<ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>
# Ginger may reduce muscle pain and soreness <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>
# Ginger can help with [[w:osteoarthritis]] <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>
# Ginger may lower blood sugars <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>
# Ginger can help treat chronic indigestion <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>
# Ginger powder may significantly reduce menstrual pain <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>
# Ginger may lower cholesterol levels <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>
# Ginger contains gingerol, which may help to prevent cancers <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>
# Ginger may improve brain functioning and protect against Alzheimer's disease <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>
# Gingerol can help lower risk of infections <ref name="healthline-ginger2017"/>

----
== Pineapple ==
[[File:Nanas subang.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Pineapple is effective cough medicine due to its [[w:Bromelain|Bromelain]] content.]]

[[w:Pineapple|Pineapple]] fruit and it's stem contain [[w:Bromelain|Bromelain]], an enzyme with anti-cough properties.

In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that bromelain exhibits various [[w:Fibrinolysis|fibrinolytic]], [[w:Edema|antiedematous]], [[w:Thrombosis|antithrombotic]], and [[w:anti-inflammatory|anti-inflammatory]] activities.<ref name="Bromelain1">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3529416/</ref> Bromelain accounts for many therapeutic benefits like the treatment of [[w:angina pectoris|angina pectoris]], [[w:bronchitis|bronchitis]], [[w:sinusitis|sinusitis]], surgical trauma, and [[w:thrombophlebitis|thrombophlebitis]], [[w:debridement|debridement]] of wounds, and enhanced [[w:Absorption (pharmacology)|absorption of drugs]], particularly [[w:antibiotics|antibiotics]].<ref name="Bromelain1"/>

''' Uses '''
# [[#Common cough and pineapple]]
----
== Polyphenols ==
{{Q|'''[[w:Polyphenols|Polyphenols]]''' also known as '''polyhydroxyphenols''') are a structural class of mainly [[w:Natural product|natural]], but also [[w:Synthetic compound|synthetic]] or [[w:Semisynthesis|semisynthetic]], [[w:organic chemical|organic chemical]]s.|Wikipedia|[[w:polyphenols|polyphenols]]}}

More than 8,000 types of polyphenols have been identified. They can be further categorized into 4 main groups<ref name="HealthLinePolyphenols">https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/polyphenols</ref>
# '''[[w:Flavonoid|Flavonoid]]s''' (or '''bioflavonoids''') (from the Latin word ''flavus'', meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of [[w:plant|plant]] and [[w:fungus|fungus]] [[w:secondary metabolite|secondary metabolite]]s. (Wikipedia). These account for around 60% of all polyphenols. Examples include quercetin, kaempferol, catechins, and anthocyanins, which are found in foods like apples, onions, dark chocolate, and red cabbage.<ref name="HealthLinePolyphenols"/>
# '''[[w:Phenolic acid|Phenolic acid]]s''' or '''phenolcarboxylic acids''' are  types of [[w:aromatic acid|aromatic acid]] compound (Wikipedia). This group accounts for around 30% of all polyphenols. Examples include stilbenes and lignans, which are mostly found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and seeds.<ref name="HealthLinePolyphenols"/>
# '''Polyphenolic [[w:amide|amide]]s'''. This category includes capsaicinoids in chili peppers and avenanthramides in oats.<ref name="HealthLinePolyphenols"/>
# '''Other polyphenols'''. This group includes resveratrol in red wine, ellagic acid in berries, curcumin in turmeric, and lignans in flax seeds, sesame seeds, and whole grains.<ref name="HealthLinePolyphenols"/>


''' Scientific articles '''
* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/food-science/polyphenol Compendium of scientific studies about polyphenols at ScienceDirect.com]
* [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2018.00087/full 'The Role of Polyphenols in Human Health and Food Systems: A Mini-Review'] , a mini-review article published in [[w:Frontiers Media]]'s Frontiers in Nutrition in 2018-11

''' In Wikipedia '''
* [[w:Health effects of phenols and polyphenols|Health effects of phenols and polyphenols]]

''' Links '''
* [https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/polyphenols HealthLine.com on polyphenols]
----

== Spirulina ==

[[File:Spira400xwetcr.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Spirulina powder at 400X, wet mount.]]

'''[[w:Spirulina (dietary supplement)|Spirulina]]''' is a [[w:biomass|biomass]] of [[w:cyanobacteri|a]] (blue-green algae) that can be consumed by humans and other animals. The two species are ''[[w:Arthrospira| Arthrospira platensis]]'' and ''A. maxima''. ( Wikipedia )

Spirulina is extremely high in protein, contains an almost perfect balance of Omega-3 to Omega-6, and is rich in the following minerals: iron, copper, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorous, selenium and zinc. It also contains high levels of vitamin A, C, E, K, B6, folate, niacin, pantothenic acid, riboflavin and thiamin. <ref name="LiveLoveFruitSpirulina">https://livelovefruit.com/top-spirulina-benefits/</ref>

Spirulina has been found to help against <ref name="LiveLoveFruitSpirulina"/>
* [[w:HIV/AIDS|HIV/AIDS]]
* Beneficial for [[w:Type 2 Diabetes|Type 2 Diabetes]] by regulating [[w:blood sugar levels|blood sugar levels]] and helping with [[w:blood lipids]] composition
* [[w:Candida (fungus)|Candida]]
* Cancers because of its high C-[[w:phycocyanin|phycocyanin]], a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substance and anti-cancer properties
* Binding to [[w:heavy metals]] and therefore aiding in their removal
* Heart disease  
* [[w:Allergy|Allergies]]
----
== Stevia ==
[[File:Stevia plant.jpg|thumb|left|upright|''[[w:Stevia rebaudiana|Stevia rebaudiana]]'']]
'''[[W:Stevia|Stevia]]''' is a sweetener and sugar substitute extracted from the leaves of the plant species [[w:Stevia rebaudiana|Stevia rebaudiana]], native to Brazil and Paraguay. 

''' Medical uses of stevia '''
# [[#Lyme disease and stevia|Stevia kills lyme disease]]


----
== Tea ==
* http://www.nursingdegree.net/blog/18/33-health-benefits-of-drinking-tea/

----

== Turmeric ==
[[File:Curcuma_longa201608JAPAN.jpg|thumb|200px|[[w:Turmeric|Turmeric]] (Curcuma Longa) of genus [[w:Curcuma|Curcuma]].]]
[[File:Curcuma_longa_roots.jpg|thumb|left|240px|Turmeric, used as spice, medicine and dye is made of ground roots of Curcuma Longa.]]
'''[[w:Turmeric|Turmeric]]''' contains [[w:curcumin|curcumin]], a [[w:curcuminoid|curcuminoid]].

''' Studies regarding turmeric '''
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23146777 'Curcumin ingestion and exercise training improve vascular endothelial function in postmenopausal women.'], a 2012 study. + [https://livelovefruit.com/turmeric-juice-equivalent-to-60-minutes-exercise/ LiveLoveFruit.com reporting on the study]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4359932/ 'Attenuation of Morphine Withdrawal Syndrome by Various Dosages of Curcumin in Comparison with Clonidine in Mouse: Possible Mechanism'] , a 2015 study


'''See also: [[#Cancers and cannabis|Cancers and cannabis]]''' (intra-article link)

----

= Information sources on natural therapeutics =
* https://www.anniesremedy.com/
* [https://www.getholistichealth.com/ Get Holistic Health] publishes lots of articles on natural therapeutics, but also other topics.
* [http://www.greenmedinfo.com/ GreenMedinfo - The Science of Natural Healing]
* [https://www.healthline.com/ HealthLine.com contains a myriad of information about different medical conditions and in addition to having info on conditions and natural therapeutics it also covers main stream medications]
* https://herbalremediesbook.com/
* https://livelovefruit.com/ is excellent website on health tips / natural therapeutics by Carly Fraser, a professional in the field.
* [https://unitedpatientsgroup.com/ United Patients Group] focuses on the healing potential of cannabis, but also carries stories on other natural therapeutics. United Patients Group also maintains and updates [https://unitedpatientsgroup.com/medical-directory/ a directory of medical cannabis health care professionals and clinics].

= References =
<references/>

= Sources of links =
<references group="first seen in"/>