2,925
edits
Law: Difference between revisions
uniforming the headings
(→Business Negotiations and Contracts - Week 50: adding translation power of attorney -> w:fi:valtakirja) |
(uniforming the headings) |
||
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
== Business Law classes == | == Business Law classes == | ||
== Lesson 1 - Introduction == | == Business Law - Lesson 1 - Introduction == | ||
* Choose '''[[w:arbitration]]''' ( [[w:fi:Välimiesmenettely]] ) as preferred method of '''[[w:dispute resolution]]''' especially if dealing with businesses outside of EU | * Choose '''[[w:arbitration]]''' ( [[w:fi:Välimiesmenettely]] ) as preferred method of '''[[w:dispute resolution]]''' especially if dealing with businesses outside of EU | ||
| Line 60: | Line 60: | ||
* '''[[w:fi:Suomen arvopaperimarkkinalaki]]''' for PLC's. | * '''[[w:fi:Suomen arvopaperimarkkinalaki]]''' for PLC's. | ||
== Lesson 2 - Compensation law, product liability == | == Business Law - Lesson 2 - Compensation law, product liability == | ||
* '''Compensation law''' | * '''Compensation law''' | ||
| Line 97: | Line 97: | ||
#) A '''[[w:trademark]]''' ( [[w:fi:Tavaramerkki]] ) is a recognizable sign, design or expression which identifies products or services of a particular source from those of others. ( Wikipedia ) | #) A '''[[w:trademark]]''' ( [[w:fi:Tavaramerkki]] ) is a recognizable sign, design or expression which identifies products or services of a particular source from those of others. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
== Lesson 3 - Contract law == | == Business Law - Lesson 3 - Contract law == | ||
Topics: '''Contract law''' ( [[w:fi:Sopimusoikeus]] ) deals with '''[[w:contract]]s''' | Topics: '''Contract law''' ( [[w:fi:Sopimusoikeus]] ) deals with '''[[w:contract]]s''' | ||
| Line 111: | Line 111: | ||
* '''[[w:Collective bargaining]]''' ( kollektiivinen neuvottelu ) is a process of negotiations between employers and a group of employees aimed at reaching agreements that regulate working conditions. ( Wikipedia ) | * '''[[w:Collective bargaining]]''' ( kollektiivinen neuvottelu ) is a process of negotiations between employers and a group of employees aimed at reaching agreements that regulate working conditions. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
== Lesson 4 - Consumer law, companies law == | == Business Law - Lesson 4 - Consumer law, companies law == | ||
Topics: Contract law continues, marketing and Consumer Law ( redirects to [[w:Consumer protection]] ), Companies law | Topics: Contract law continues, marketing and Consumer Law ( redirects to [[w:Consumer protection]] ), Companies law | ||
| Line 130: | Line 130: | ||
* '''[[w:Convertible bond]]''' or a '''convertible note''' ( [[w:fi:vaihtovelkakirja]] ) (a convertible debenture if it has a maturity of greater than 10 years) is a type of [[w:bond (finance)|bond]] that the holder can convert into shares of [[w:common stock]] in the issuing [[w:types of companies|company]] or cash of equal value, at an agreed-upon price. ( Definition ) | * '''[[w:Convertible bond]]''' or a '''convertible note''' ( [[w:fi:vaihtovelkakirja]] ) (a convertible debenture if it has a maturity of greater than 10 years) is a type of [[w:bond (finance)|bond]] that the holder can convert into shares of [[w:common stock]] in the issuing [[w:types of companies|company]] or cash of equal value, at an agreed-upon price. ( Definition ) | ||
== Lesson 5 - Wrap up == | == Business Law - Lesson 5 - Wrap up == | ||
Topics: [[w:Company law]] continues, wrap-up | Topics: [[w:Company law]] continues, wrap-up | ||
== Exam == | == Business Law - Exam == | ||
Final examination | Final examination | ||
| Line 156: | Line 156: | ||
* '''International [[w:competition law|competition law]]''' ( [[w:fi:Kilpailuoikeus]] ) principles | * '''International [[w:competition law|competition law]]''' ( [[w:fi:Kilpailuoikeus]] ) principles | ||
== | == International Law - Lesson 1 - introduction== | ||
* Prefer '''[[w:Arbitration|Arbitration]]''' ( [[w:fi:välimiesmenettely]] ) over going to [[w:court|court]] | * Prefer '''[[w:Arbitration|Arbitration]]''' ( [[w:fi:välimiesmenettely]] ) over going to [[w:court|court]] | ||
| Line 166: | Line 166: | ||
* A '''[[w:supranational]] union''' is a type of multi-national organization where negotiated power is delegated to an authority by governments of member states. ( Wikipedia ) | * A '''[[w:supranational]] union''' is a type of multi-national organization where negotiated power is delegated to an authority by governments of member states. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
== | == International Law - Lesson 2 == | ||
* '''[[w:NGO|NGO]]s''' ( [[w:fi:kansalaisjärjestö]] ) | * '''[[w:NGO|NGO]]s''' ( [[w:fi:kansalaisjärjestö]] ) | ||
* '''[[w:Intergovernmental organization|IGO]]s''' | * '''[[w:Intergovernmental organization|IGO]]s''' | ||
| Line 179: | Line 179: | ||
* '''Dispute [[w:Settlement (litigation)|settlement]]''' | * '''Dispute [[w:Settlement (litigation)|settlement]]''' | ||
== | == International Law - Lesson 3 - Intellectual property == | ||
* '''[[w:Intellectual property|Intellectual property]]''' ('''IP''') ( [[w:fi:Immateriaalioikeus]] ) is a [[w:law|legal]] concept which refers to creations of the mind for which [[w:exclusive right|exclusive right]]s are recognized. | * '''[[w:Intellectual property|Intellectual property]]''' ('''IP''') ( [[w:fi:Immateriaalioikeus]] ) is a [[w:law|legal]] concept which refers to creations of the mind for which [[w:exclusive right|exclusive right]]s are recognized. | ||
:::Under intellectual property law, owners are granted certain exclusive rights to a variety of [[w:intangible asset|intangible asset]]s, such as musical, literary, and artistic works; discoveries and inventions; and words, phrases, symbols, and designs. | :::Under intellectual property law, owners are granted certain exclusive rights to a variety of [[w:intangible asset|intangible asset]]s, such as musical, literary, and artistic works; discoveries and inventions; and words, phrases, symbols, and designs. | ||
| Line 202: | Line 202: | ||
* '''A [[w:trademark|trademark]]''' ( [[w:fi:Tavaramerkki]] ) is a recognizable [[w:sign (semiotics)|sign]], [[w:design|design]] or [[w:expression (language)|expression]] which identifies [[w:Good (economics and accounting)|products]] or [[w:Service (economics)|services]] of a particular source from those of others. ( Wikipedia ) | * '''A [[w:trademark|trademark]]''' ( [[w:fi:Tavaramerkki]] ) is a recognizable [[w:sign (semiotics)|sign]], [[w:design|design]] or [[w:expression (language)|expression]] which identifies [[w:Good (economics and accounting)|products]] or [[w:Service (economics)|services]] of a particular source from those of others. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
== | == International Law - Lesson 4 - When business goes wrong == | ||
* '''[[w:Bankruptcy|Bankruptcy]]''' ( [[w:fi:konkurssi]] ) is a legal status of a person or [[w:legal person|other entity]] that cannot repay the debts it owes to [[w:creditor|creditor]]s. In most jurisdictions, bankruptcy is imposed by a [[w:court order|court order]], often initiated by the debtor. ( Wikipedia ) | * '''[[w:Bankruptcy|Bankruptcy]]''' ( [[w:fi:konkurssi]] ) is a legal status of a person or [[w:legal person|other entity]] that cannot repay the debts it owes to [[w:creditor|creditor]]s. In most jurisdictions, bankruptcy is imposed by a [[w:court order|court order]], often initiated by the debtor. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
| Line 216: | Line 216: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
== | == International Law - Lesson 5 - Risks == | ||
*'''[[w:Risk|Risk]]''' ( [[w:fi:riski]] ) can come in the form of | *'''[[w:Risk|Risk]]''' ( [[w:fi:riski]] ) can come in the form of | ||
:** '''[[w:Risk#Economic risk|economic risk]]''' ( macro ), | :** '''[[w:Risk#Economic risk|economic risk]]''' ( macro ), | ||
| Line 222: | Line 222: | ||
:** '''[[w:legal risk|legal risk]]''' when doing [[w:international business]]. ( Teacher ) | :** '''[[w:legal risk|legal risk]]''' when doing [[w:international business]]. ( Teacher ) | ||
== Additional reading regarding risks == | === Additional reading regarding risks === | ||
* '''[[w:Financial risk]]''' is an umbrella term for multiple types of [[w:risk]] associated with [[w:finance|financing]], including [[w:financial transaction]]s that include company loans in risk of [[w:default (finance)|default]]. Risk is a term often used to imply [[w:downside risk|downside risk]], meaning the uncertainty of a return and the potential for financial loss. | * '''[[w:Financial risk]]''' is an umbrella term for multiple types of [[w:risk]] associated with [[w:finance|financing]], including [[w:financial transaction]]s that include company loans in risk of [[w:default (finance)|default]]. Risk is a term often used to imply [[w:downside risk|downside risk]], meaning the uncertainty of a return and the potential for financial loss. | ||
:: In addition to financial risks, there are five broad categories of investment risks known as [[w:five risks|five risks]]. ( Wikipedia ) | :: In addition to financial risks, there are five broad categories of investment risks known as [[w:five risks|five risks]]. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
:::* The '''[[w:Five risks]]''' are the five types of [[w:financial risk]] faced by long-term investors as opposed to those faced by short-term [[w:Trader (finance)|traders]] ( Wikipedia ) | :::* The '''[[w:Five risks]]''' are the five types of [[w:financial risk]] faced by long-term investors as opposed to those faced by short-term [[w:Trader (finance)|traders]] ( Wikipedia ) | ||
---- | ---- | ||
= Business Negotiations and Contracts = | = Business Negotiations and Contracts = | ||
== Business Negotiations and Contracts - | == Business Negotiations and Contracts - Lesson 1 == | ||
=== Terminology / vocabulary === | === Terminology / vocabulary === | ||
| Line 267: | Line 269: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
== Business Negotiations and Contracts - | == Business Negotiations and Contracts - Lesson 2 - A proper offer == | ||
A proper offer is: | A proper offer is: | ||
| Line 280: | Line 282: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
== Business Negotiations and Contracts - | == Business Negotiations and Contracts - Lesson 3 == | ||
'''[[w:Breach of contract|Breach of contract]]''' ( [[w:fi:sopimusrikkomus]] tai sopimusrikko ) is a [[w:legal|legal]] [[w:cause of action|cause of action]] in which a [[w:binding agreement|binding agreement]] or bargained-for exchange is not honored by one or more of the parties to the contract by non-performance or interference with the other party's performance. ( Wikipedia ) | '''[[w:Breach of contract|Breach of contract]]''' ( [[w:fi:sopimusrikkomus]] tai sopimusrikko ) is a [[w:legal|legal]] [[w:cause of action|cause of action]] in which a [[w:binding agreement|binding agreement]] or bargained-for exchange is not honored by one or more of the parties to the contract by non-performance or interference with the other party's performance. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
---- | ---- | ||
== Business Negotiations and Contracts - | == Business Negotiations and Contracts - Lesson 4 - Delivery terms == | ||
* The '''[[w:Incoterms|Incoterms]]''' rules or International Commercial Terms ( [[w:fi:Incoterm]] ) are a series of pre-defined commercial terms published by the [[w:International Chamber of Commerce|International Chamber of Commerce]] (ICC) that are widely used in International [[w:commercial transaction|commercial transaction]]s or [[w:procurement|procurement]] processes. A series of three-letter trade terms related to common contractual sales practices, the Incoterms rules are intended primarily to clearly communicate the tasks, costs, and risks associated with the transportation and delivery of goods. ( Wikipedia ) | * The '''[[w:Incoterms|Incoterms]]''' rules or International Commercial Terms ( [[w:fi:Incoterm]] ) are a series of pre-defined commercial terms published by the [[w:International Chamber of Commerce|International Chamber of Commerce]] (ICC) that are widely used in International [[w:commercial transaction|commercial transaction]]s or [[w:procurement|procurement]] processes. A series of three-letter trade terms related to common contractual sales practices, the Incoterms rules are intended primarily to clearly communicate the tasks, costs, and risks associated with the transportation and delivery of goods. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
| Line 300: | Line 299: | ||
# [[w:Delivery (commerce)|Delivery]] by [[w:common carrier|common carrier]] other then [[w:sales|seller]] ( loss of risk is transferred to buyer when delivery is completed as agreed in the contract ) ( Teacher ) | # [[w:Delivery (commerce)|Delivery]] by [[w:common carrier|common carrier]] other then [[w:sales|seller]] ( loss of risk is transferred to buyer when delivery is completed as agreed in the contract ) ( Teacher ) | ||
== Business Negotiations and Contracts - Confidentiality == | |||
* '''[[w:Confidentiality|Confidentiality]]''' ( [[w:fi:Vaitiolovelvollisuus]] ) is a set of rules or a promise that limits access or places restrictions on certain types of information. ( Wikipedia ) | * '''[[w:Confidentiality|Confidentiality]]''' ( [[w:fi:Vaitiolovelvollisuus]] ) is a set of rules or a promise that limits access or places restrictions on certain types of information. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
| Line 308: | Line 307: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
== Business Negotiations and Contracts - | == Business Negotiations and Contracts - Lesson 5 == | ||
* '''remedy''' == '''[[w:Financial compensation|compensation]]''' == '''[[w:damages|damages]]''' ( [[w:fi:vahingonkorvaus]] ) | * '''remedy''' == '''[[w:Financial compensation|compensation]]''' == '''[[w:damages|damages]]''' ( [[w:fi:vahingonkorvaus]] ) | ||
| Line 333: | Line 332: | ||
---- | ---- | ||
== Business Negotiations and Contracts - | == Business Negotiations and Contracts - Lesson 6 == | ||
A '''[[w:power of attorney|power of attorney]]''' ('''POA''') or '''letter of attorney''' ( [[w:fi:valtakirja]], valtuutus ) is a written authorization to represent or act on another's behalf in private affairs, business, or some other legal matter, sometimes against the wishes of the other's. ( Wikipedia ) | A '''[[w:power of attorney|power of attorney]]''' ('''POA''') or '''letter of attorney''' ( [[w:fi:valtakirja]], valtuutus ) is a written authorization to represent or act on another's behalf in private affairs, business, or some other legal matter, sometimes against the wishes of the other's. ( Wikipedia ) | ||